WINTER BREAK HOMEWORK 2009-2010
Motivation Quiz Notes (Optional... but rewards if you do)
Found at: http://www.appsychology.com/HowPass/MC%20quizes/MCquizeshome.htmBack to Top
Go to: http://sparkcharts.sparknotes.com/psychology/psychology/section1.p hp Cut and paste each section of review.... You are welcome to work on this with your partner and one other partnership. (No more than 4 people in a group) But, you should come to class with YOUR OWN full set of notes... feel free to customize them for yourself!!!!Back to Top
Example of Homework: Introduction
Approaches to Psychology Biological: Focuses on the relationship between the body and the mind Behavioral: Concerned mainly with a person's observable responses to stimuli Cognitive: Concerned with memory, perception, thought, and other mental processes Humanistic: Focuses on a person's capacity for self-fulfillment and growth Psychodynamic: Concerned with the influence of unconscious desires and motives Research Studies Studies test hypotheses (testable explanations of observed events). Studies must have reliability and validity. Reliability: The study produces consistent results when replicated. Validity: The study accurately measures what it claims to measure. There are three types of validity: Construct: The study measures the effect that it is trying to measure Internal: The study shows that only the experimental factor caused an effect External: The study results apply to other situations Types of Studies Correlational study: Expresses the relationship between two variables; does not imply causation. Experiment: Manipulation of an independent variable in order to understand its effect on a dependent variable. Identifies cause- and-effect relationships. Sampling: The process of choosing subjects to study Sample: A group of subjects selected for study; a subset of a population Population: A group of people about whom the researcher wants to make conclusions. A sample should be representative of the population. Random assignment: Random placement of subjects into experimental or control groups Control group: A group not subject to experimental manipulation Variables: Things that can vary among subjects Independent variable: Manipulated by researcher; produces a change in dependent variable Dependent variable: Measured by the researcher Confounding variable: Any possible variable (other than the independent variable) that may cause the observed effect Statistics Statistical analysis describes data and quantifies relationships between variables. Frequency distribution: An arrangement of data points based on how frequently they occur Normal distribution: A frequency distribution with a symmetrical bell-shaped curve Central tendency: Measures of the center of the frequency distribution. There are three types. Mean: The arithmetic average of data points Median: The middle data point Mode: The most frequent data point NORMAL DISTRIBUTION and standard deviation Variability: How the data are dispersed or spread around the mean Range: The distance between the highest and lowest data point Standard deviation (SD): The average distance of a data point from the mean. A small SD means the scores are relatively close to the mean score; a large SD means the scores have a wider range around the mean. Statistical significance: Means that the differences observed are too big to have occurred by chance Two types of errors occur in significance testing: Type I error: False positive; perceives an effect that is not there Type II error: False negative; fails to perceive an effect that is thereBack to Top
Study for the midterm!!! It will be shortly after we return to school and the greatest part of your grade to date!!!! Come prepared with ONE QUESTION per chapter. Something you still don't understand or want further explanation on.Back to Top