Neuroscience Quiz (ODDS)
1. The main function of myelin is to
a. form a protective coating over nerve axons.
b. affect the speed of nerve impulses.
c. block the reception of acetylcholine.
d. aid a nerve's receptivity to neurotransmitters by increasing the number of
receptor sites available.
3. The cell body of a neuron is also called the
a. dendrite.
b. axon.
c. myelin.
d. soma.
5. Which of the following is NOT a part of a neuron?
a. axon
b. axon terminal
c. synapse
d. soma
7. Acetylcholine, epinephrine, dopamine, and histamine are
a. prescription-only drugs.
b. synapses.
c. neurotransmitters.
d. beta blockers.
9. Communication within a neuron is __________, while communication between
neurons is __________.
a. chemical; electrical
b. electrical; mechanical
c. electrical; chemical
d. mechanical; electrical
11. After successfully running from the large, snarling, drooling grizzly
bear that was running directly toward you, you pause to catch your breath and
collect your wits. The physical symptoms you now experience are controlled by
the
a. sympathetic nervous system.
b. parasympathetic nervous system.
c. central nervous system.
d. neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
13. The charge that exists across the nerve cell membrane is a result of
differing
a. amounts of DNA and RNA.
b. types of neurotransmitters on either side of the nerve cell membrane.
c. types of neurons inside and outside the nerve cell membrane.
d. concentrations of ions on either side of the nerve cell membrane.
15. Nerve cell bodies and dendrites are not the only locations sensitive to
neurotransmitters. Receptor sites can also be found on
a. muscles and glands.
b. skeletal joints.
c. axon terminals.
d. all vital organs.
17. Neurons conduct an action potential
a. when sodium is pumped out of the neuron.
b. when molecular gates open to allow sodium ions into a neuron.
c. when the electrical stimulation dips below -70 millivolts.
d. only if surrounded by a myelin sheath.
19. Body cells specialized to carry and process information are called
a. neurotransmitters.
b. synapses.
c. ions.
d. neurons.
21. The fastest neurons can send impulses at about __________ miles per hour.
a. 20
b. 425
c. 150
d. 45
23. The "emergency" part of the nervous system that prepares the body
for "fight or flight" is the __________ branch.
a. sympathetic
b. parasympathetic
c. central
d. peripheral
25. A nerve impulse is also called a(n)
a. negative after-image.
b. action potential.
c. refractory energy burst.
d. resting energy burst.
27. The "all-or-nothing event" refers to the fact that
a. nerve cells are continuously active.
b. action potentials occur completely or not at all.
c. an electrical current crosses the synapse completely or not at all.
d. all the neurons in a particular "lobe" of the brain fire or none of
them fire.
29. The chemicals released at an axon terminal are called
a. axonic ions.
b. neural facilitators.
c. neurotransmitters.
d. synaptic facilitators.
31. An action potential refers to the traveling of a nerve impulse along the
a. axon.
b. dendrite.
c. axon terminal.
d. cell membrane.
33. Electrically charged particles of the elements __________ are crucial in
the transmission of the nerve impulse.
a. iron and sodium
b. iron and potassium
c. sodium and nickel
d. sodium and potassium
35. __________ is the correct sequence of events in communicating
a stimulus (such as stepping on a tack) to another neuron.
a. Stimulus - electrical impulse - neurotransmitter - receptor site
b. Electrical impulse - receptor site - neurotransmitter - stimulus
c. Receptor site - electrical impulse - stimulus - neurotransmitter
d. Receptor site - stimulus - electrical impulse - neurotransmitter
37. In the nervous system, electrical charges are set up because of unequal
concentrations of ions inside and outside the cell. This state is known as a
(n)
a. resting potential.
b. equilibrium potential.
c. state of potential nerve energy.
d. action potential.
39. The microscopic space between two neurons is called a(n)
a. enkephalins.
b. acetylcholine.
c. catecholamine.
d. synapse.
41. Emotional responses to a traumatic event are most directly under the
control of the
a. somatic nervous system.
b. central nervous system.
c. autonomic nervous system.
d. cerebral cortex.
43. The soma is the part of the nerve cell that
a. serves as a specialized receiving area for information.
b. collects and combines incoming information.
c. carries nerve impulses over large distances.
d. forms branching connections at the end of each axon.
45. Many of the chemicals that affect the brain operate by
a. absorbing neural impulses.
b. imitating or canceling the effects of neurotransmitters.
c. changing the sodium balance in the synapse.
d. duplicating the effect of potassium in the nuclei.
______________________________________________________________________
Neuroscience Quiz (EVENS)
2. The part of the nerve cell specialized for conducting information is the
a. axon.
b. cell body.
c. soma.
d. neurilemma.
4. Neurons are made up of dendrites, a soma, and
a. axons.
b. axles.
c. atoms.
d. axes.
6. The nature of a nerve impulse is primarily a/an __________ event; whereas,
the nature of the communication between neurons is primarily a/an __________
event.
a. chemical; electrical
b. acetylcholine; catecholamine
c. dendrite; axon
d. electrical; chemical
8. The conduction of a nerve impulse down the axon is called a(n)
a. ion potential.
b. action potential.
c. resting discharge.
d. synapse.
10. The branching fibers of the __________ end in __________ and link with
parts of other neurons.
a. soma; somatic membranes
b. nucleus; nucleic dampers
c. dendrite; dendritic arcs
d. axon; axon terminals
12. An action potential actually occurs because
a. the interior of the nerve cell becomes positive.
b. the interior of the nerve cell becomes negative.
c. potassium ions enter the nerve cell.
d. sodium ions leave the nerve cell.
14. The part of the neuron that specializes in receiving messages from other
neurons is the
a. axon.
b. myelin.
c. axon terminal.
d. dendrite.
16. The channels that transport sodium and potassium within the axon are
called
a. DNA and RNA channels.
b. membrane channels.
c. neurons channels.
d. ion channels.
18. Neurotransmitters are primarily associated with the
a. synapse.
b. soma.
c. neurilemma.
d. production of ion potentials.
20. Which is the best explanation of how a nerve impulse is carried from one
neuron to another? The action potential or impulse
a. jumps the synapse similar to the way a spark jumps the gap in a spark plug.
b. causes the axon terminal to squirt out a chemical toward the next neuron.
c. causes the axon terminal to expand and touch a receptor site.
d. bursts open a gap in the wall of the next neuron's dendrite.
22. A nerve cell carrying information from your brain to muscles and glands
is called a(n)
a. motor neuron.
b. effector cell.
c. connector neuron.
d. sensory neuron.
24. The effect of mind-altering drugs may be a result of their
a. toxic effects on sensitive neural tissues.
b. ability to lower neural thresholds in brain tissue.
c. ability to imitate or block neurotransmitters.
d. stimulation of enkephalin production in regulator.
26. Muscles can contract because they are made up of
a. motor neurons.
b. effector cells.
c. connector neurons.
d. sensory neurons.
28. A barefoot child steps on a bee, then jerks his or her foot back in
response to the sting. This response has likely involved all parts of the
nervous system EXCEPT
a. the brain.
b. the spinal cord.
c. motor neurons.
d. connector neurons or interneurons.
30. Neurotransmitters are released at the
a. axon hillock.
b. myelin sheath.
c. axon terminals.
d. telodendria.
32. The role of the __________ nervous system is to relax the body and return
it to a lower level of arousal.
a. sympathetic
b. parasympathetic
c. endocrine
d. somatic
34. The autonomic nervous system contains two branches called the
a. spinal nerves and cranial nerves.
b. somatic and spinal systems.
c. sympathetic and parasympathetic systems.
d. parasympathetic and spinal systems.
36. Information is first received by a nerve cell at the
a. axon.
b. nucleus.
c. dendrites.
d. telodendria.
38. The function of the sympathetic nervous system is to prepare the body for
a. "fight or flight."
b. returning to equilibrium.
c. maintaining vital bodily functions.
d. input from cranial nerves.
40. A nerve cell carrying information from your eyes, ears, fingers, etc.
toward the CNS is called a(n)
a. motor neuron.
b. effector cell.
c. connector neuron.
d. sensory neuron.
42. The fatty layer of tissue that gives many nerves a whitish color is called
a. myelin.
b. neurilemma.
c. neuropeptides.
d. endorphins.
44. What effect do neurotransmitters from one neuron have on the next neuron?
a. They have no effect.
b. They excite it.
c. They inhibit it.
d. They may excite or inhibit it.
____________________________________________________________________
1. The most obvious difference between the human brain and the brain of a
carp would be in the
a. hypothalamus.
b. thalamus.
c. cerebellum.
d. cerebral cortex.
3. __________ is closely related to grammar and pronunciation.
a. Aphasia
b. Broca's area
c. Wernicke's area
d. Agnosia
5. Damage to the cerebellum would most likely result in
a. heart stoppage or respiratory failure.
b. a loss of hearing ability.
c. a loss of muscular coordination.
d. a reduction in emotional response.
7. An elderly acquaintance of yours has suffered from partial blindness since
she had a stroke. Apparently the stroke damaged her
a. occipital lobe.
b. parietal lobe.
c. temporal lobes.
d. reticular formation.
9. You are walking through a bad part of town, down a dark alley, and
carrying a large amount of cash. Behind you, you hear a door open and close
suddenly, and you immediately dive into the nearest trash container. The part
of the forebrain mainly responsible for your reaction is the
a. hippocampus.
b. medulla.
c. cerebrum.
d. amygdala.
11. As we move from lower to higher animals a larger proportion of the brain
is devoted to
a. unusually large occipital lobes.
b. the corpus callosum.
c. the cerebrum.
d. the spinal cord.
13. The cerebral cortex is composed of two sides or __________.
a. pons
b. positrons
c. connector neurons
d. hemispheres
15. A person who had difficulty __________ would be described as having
aphasia.
a. walking
b. smelling
c. eating
d. communicating
17. The __________ cerebral hemisphere is superior at perceptual skills and
detecting and expressing emotion.
a. right
b. left
c. cortical
d. subcortical
19. Many addictive drugs stimulate the pleasure centers of the
a. medulla.
b. cerebellum.
c. frontal cortex.
d. limbic system.
21. There is a greater portion of motor cortex for the
a. mouth.
b. hands and fingers.
c. feet and toes.
d. legs.
23. An innovative scanning technique that uses magnetic technology to
visualize brain activity is called
a. PET.
b. MRI.
c. CAT.
d. fMRI.
25. There is more somatosensory cortex for the
a. mouth.
b. shoulder.
c. feet.
d. legs.
27. If the brain were similar to the postal system, the function of the
thalamus would be similar to the role of
a. postmaster.
b. mail sorter.
c. mail carrier.
d. Postmaster General.
29. Which of the following is most closely associated with language
comprehension?
a. aphasia
b. Broca's area
c. Wernicke's area
d. agnosia
31. Which of the following is most closely associated with language
production?
a. aphasia
b. Broca's area
c. Wernicke's area
d. agnosia
33. Experiments with animals have found pleasure centers to be located in the
a. pituitary gland.
b. left parietal lobe.
c. hypothalamus.
d. amygdala.
35. The area of the frontal lobe that directs the body's muscles is called the
a. somatosensory area.
b. associative area.
c. motor cortex.
d. cerebral cortex.
37.The surgical procedure of cutting the corpus callosum is done in cases of
a. communication problems.
b. severe epilepsy.
c. injury or stroke.
d. split personality.
39. Which of the following is a major function of the somatosensory area of
the cerebral cortex?
a. primary area for receiving visual information
b. analysis of body sensations
c. location of motor control of the body
d. primary area for receiving auditory information
41. Which of the following changes would you expect to occur in someone whose
frontal lobes were damaged in an accident?
a. development of blank spots in the visual field
b. reduced capacity to hear high frequency sounds
c. reduced reasoning and planning abilities and changes in personality
d. inability to demonstrate complex motor skills
43. Creating the magic of consciousness is carried out primarily by
a. the hindbrain.
b. the midbrain.
c. the forebrain.
d. the brainstem.
45. Electrical stimulation of the brain
a. begins with the implantation of thin metal electrodes deep within the
brain.
b. cannot be used to electrically activate specific brain areas.
c. takes minutes to call forth aggressive behavior.
d. cannot effect behaviors such as sleeping and euphoria.
47. The __________ gland is involved in the regulation of growth.
a. pituitary
b. pineal
c. thyroid
d. adrenal
49. The __________ gland is involved in the regulation of growth.
a. pituitary
b. pineal
c. thyroid
d. adrenal
51. An accident victim is shown a picture of a car and says, "dar." This
person is suffering from
a. Broca's aphasia.
b. mindblindness.
c. damage to Wernicke's area.
d. agnosia.
53. Weeks after an automobile accident, a friend continues to have difficulty
maintaining balance and movements. You should suspect that damage may have
occurred to the
a. corpus callosum.
b. cerebellum.
c. medulla.
d. reticular formation.
55. The reticular formation (RF) is associated with
a. hunger and thirst.
b. attention and wakefulness.
c. sex, rage, and emotion.
d. pleasure and punishment.
57. Which of the cerebral hemispheres is superior at drawing a picture?
a. left
b. right
c. subcortical
d. mid
59. If a "split-brain" subject were given a key (hidden from sight) to feel
with his left hand, he
a. could easily name what he had touched.
b. would be unable to describe the object.
c. would be able to point to the key with his right hand.
d. would have to wait for the information transfer to take place before
describing it.
61. Which of the following is most involved in the production of emotion?
a. the occipital lobe
b. the limbic system
c. the medulla
d. the pituitary gland
63. Although the human brain weighs approximately 3 pounds, it is also
important to take into consideration __________ when comparing it to the
brain of an elephant or whale.
a. the cortex weight
b. the body weight
c. the caloric intake weight to brain weight ratio
d. the brain weight to body weight ratio
65. Surgical removal of parts of the brain to determine their function relies
on a technique called
a. positron emission.
b. corticalization.
c. ablation.
d. ultrasound.
67. A patient who has suffered brain damage to the left hemisphere is likely
to experience diminished capacity for
a. naming objects.
b. recognizing faces.
c. composing melodies.
d. identifying emotions.
69. Does having a larger brain make a person smarter?
a. Recent research found a positive correlation between intelligence and the
size of several higher brain structures.
b. The overall volume of gray matter is not correlated with IQ test scores.
c. Brain size alone determines human intelligence.
d. Environment has clearly been found to be the sole determinant of human
intelligence.
71. Brain centers for most vital functions are
a. distributed randomly throughout the cerebral cortex.
b. localized in the left cerebral hemisphere.
c. localized in the right cerebral hemisphere.
d. localized deep within the brain in the upper brainstem.
73. Which statement concerning brain function is TRUE?
a. The left side of the body is generally controlled by the left hemisphere.
b. The left side of the body is generally controlled by the right hemisphere.
c. The right hemisphere is the dominant hemisphere in males but not in
females.
d. A stroke to a person's left hemisphere will affect the left side of his or
her body.
75. A new, improved brain imaging technique for measuring glucose metabolism
of the brain is called
a. MANSCAN.
b. PET scan.
c. MRI.
d. CT scan.
77. The __________ area in the brain acts as a final "switching station" for
most incoming sensory information.
a. superior colliculus
b. reticular formation (RF)
c. autonomic nervous system
d. thalamus
79. The somatosensory area is located in the
a. temporal lobes.
b. parietal lobes.
c. occipital lobes.
d. frontal lobes.
81. The __________ is the part of the brain that stores lasting memories.
a. hindbrain
b. temporal lobe
c. occipital lobe
d. hippocampus
83. John has some paralysis and loss of sensation in his right side after a
motorcycle accident. It is likely that there is brain damage in the
a. cerebellum.
b. left hemisphere.
c. corpus callosum.
d. right hemisphere.
85. The __________ regulates the functioning of other glands.
a. pituitary gland
b. pineal gland
c. thyroid gland
d. adrenal gland
87. A brief electrical current is applied to the cortex causing movements and
muscular twitches in various parts of the body. The area stimulated is the
a. somesthetic area of the parietal lobe.
b. association cortex of the occipital lobes.
c. interpretative cortex of the temporal lobes.
d. motor cortex of the frontal lobes.
