Adjectives
For your quiz you will need to know how to determine the gender (feminine or masculine) and the number (singular or plural) for adjectives (words that describe a noun) and a noun (person, place, thing, or idea).
Remember that most words that are masculine end in “l, o, n, e, r, s” and most words that are feminine end in “a, dad, ión”. Most words that end in “e” could be either feminine or masculine depending on the context.
Remember that whenever a noun or an adjective ends in a consonant, you will need to add “es” in order to make it plural. Also, whenever a noun or adjective ends in a consonant and has an accent on the last syllable and we are changing them into plural, we need to get rid of the accent in order to follow accent rules. For examples: marrón> marrones; avión>aviones
For your quiz, you will need to be able to change the number and/or gender of adjectives and use the correct adjective to complete sentences.
Examples:
Change the following adjectives into the number and gender given after the arrow.
1) alto> f/p
2) trabajador > f/s
Answers: 1) altas 2) trabajadora
Complete the following sentences with the correct number and gender of the adjective given in parenthesis.
1) Patricia es ___________(bonito).
2) Ellos son ____________ (alto).
Answers: 1) bonita 2) altos
Practice
Change the following adjectives into the number and gender given after the arrow.
1) respetuoso> m/p
2) azul> f/p
3) marrón > m/p
4) trabajadora > m/s
5) gris > m/p
6) deportista > f/p
7) amable > f/p
8) rubia > m/p
9) café > f/p
10) café > m/p
Complete the following sentences with the correct number and gender of the adjective given in parenthesis.
11) Juan es ____________ (serio).
12) Paco y Luis (i.e. “ellos”) son ____________ (trabajador).
13) Yo soy ____________ (amable).
14) La amiga de Karla es ________________ (pelirrojo).
15) Las primas de Laura son ________________ (rubio).
16) Carlos tiene pelo _______________ (canoso).
17) Soledad tiene nariz ______________ (chico).
18) Antonio tiene boca _____________ (mediano).
19) Alma tiene pelo _______________ (rizado).
20) Los libros de Alberto son _______________ (grande).
Possessive “el…de”
Remember that in Spanish, when we are talking about possession, we do not use ‘s, we use the equivalent of “the…of…”, which is translated as “el/la/los/las…de…”. Notice that we have four different choices for the equivalent of “the”, that is because each definite article (the name for “the”) has to agree in number and gender with the noun that the article is referring to. For instance, if we want to say “Carlos’s mom”, we would say “la mamá de Carlos”. We use “la” because “mamá” is feminine and singular.
Just as a refresher the definite articles’s number and gender are:
|
|
Singular
|
Plural
|
|
Masculine
|
El
|
Los
|
|
Feminine
|
La
|
Las
|
el=masculine/singular
la= feminine/singular
los=masculine/plural
las=feminine/plural
You will translating phrases in your quiz into Spanish.
Examples:
Translate the following phrases and sentences into Spanish
1) Trevor’s sister is pretty.
2) Charlie’s eyes
Answers: 1) la hermana de Trevor es bonita. 2) los ojos de Charlie
Practice
Translate the following phrases and sentences into Spanish.
21) Albert’s father is handsome.
22) Gregory’s hair
23) Jeff’s daughters are twins.
24) Casey’s step-brothers are nice.
25) Alma’s female cousins are quiet.
26) Paco’s eyes
27) Karla’s nose
28) Berta’s parents
29) Tracy’s great-great-grandparents
30) My mom’s sister is my aunt.
Answers to practice questions:
1) respetuoso> m/p respetuosos
2) azul> f/p azules
3) marrón > m/p marrones
4) trabajadora > m/s trabajador
5) gris > m/p grises
6) deportista > f/p deportistas
7) amable > f/p amables
8) rubia > m/p rubios
9) café > f/p café
10) café > m/p café
11) Juan es ____________ (serio). serio
12) Paco y Luis (i.e. “ellos”) son ____________ (trabajador). trabajadores
13) Yo soy ____________ (amable). amable
14) La amiga de Karla es ________________ (pelirrojo). pelirroja
15) Las primas de Laura son ________________ (rubio). rubias
16) Carlos tiene pelo _______________ (canoso). canoso
17) Soledad tiene nariz ______________ (chico). chica
18) Antonio tiene boca _____________ (mediano). mediana
19) Alma tiene pelo _______________ (rizado). rizado
20) Los libros de Alberto son _______________ (grande). grandes
21) Albert’s father is handsome. El papá de Alberto es guapo.
22) Gregory’s hair El pelo de Gregorio.
23) Jeff’s daughters are twins. Las hijas de Jeff son gemelas.
24) Casey’s step-brothers are nice. Los hermanastros de Casey son simpáticos.
25) Alma’s female cousins are quiet. Las primas de Alma son calladas.
26) Paco’s eyes Los ojos de Paco
27) Karla’s nose La nariz de Karla
28) Berta’s parents Los padres de Berta/ Los papás de Berta
29) Tracy’s great-great-grandparents Los tatarabuelos de Tracy
30) My mom’s sister is my aunt. La hermana de mi mamá es mi tía.