CAPT REVIEW: BIOLOGY
UNIT 1: ORGANIZATION OF LIFE
Home site: http://regentsprep.org/Regents/biology/units/organization/index.cfm
PART I. LIVING vs. NON-LIVING
Read “Living vs. Non-living” on the Introduction/Home
Page and answer the following questions.
1. How do non-living things differ from living
organisms?
2. What is meant by the term “homeostasis”?
Discuss the ability AND method of maintaining homeostasis in both living
and non-living organisms.
Click on the “Living
vs. Non-Living
” link on the left side and
answer the following questions.
3. List 8 different life processes that living
things can carry out.
4. How are non-living things different from
living ones?
5. What is meant by the term “metabolism”?
6. What is another term for “homeostasis”? What can result if an organism fails to
maintain homeostasis.
Click on the “Practice” link at the bottom on the
left side and then click on “1. Living vs. Non-living”
link. This will bring you to 5
multiple choice questions about this topic.
Answer the questions below with information you learn from attempting
the multiple choice questions and then checking your answers.
7. What characteristic do viruses share with
living things? Are viruses able to
reproduce through mitosis? Are they
constructed from many specialized cells?
8. What element must all organic compounds
contain?
9. What is the formula for glucose? Is water contained in cells? Why isn’t it the correct answer to question
number 3?
10. Remember the acronym CHON to remind you about
the most common elements present in living cells. What elements does CHON stand for?
11. Look at the compounds listed as choices. Name the choices that are considered
organic.
When you are done
you can click on the “Living Environment” link all the way at
the top of the page to return to the biology page. Then click on 1. Organization of Life
link to get back to the Introduction/Home page.
PART
II. POPULATION DIVERSITY
Click on the “Home” link on the left side, read the
section about population diversity, and answer the following questions.
12. Why is it important that no two species fill
the same role in the environment?
13. What makes a population more stable and
likely to last?
Click on the “Population Diversity” link on the left
side and answer the following questions.
14. How do a population and a community differ?
15. An ecosystem contains members of the
community plus abiotic factors. What is meant by the term “abiotic factors”?
16. What is a biosphere?
17. What makes the pond a biosphere?
18. Define a producer. Give two examples of a producer. What are producers also referred to as?
19. What is a consumer also known as? What do the following types of consumers
eat? A
herbivore? A carnivore? An omnivore? In which category do humans belong?
20. What is the role of a decomposer?
21. What three conditions must be met in order to
have a stable ecosystem?
22. What is meant by the term
“biodiversity”? Is it better for an
ecosystem to have a greater or lesser degree of biodiversity?
23. Explain why competition between two or more
different species may increase in intensity?
What will eventually happen to one species if two or more compete for
the same food source, reproductive site, water or other limiting factors?
24. What is meant by the term “niche”? Look at the diagram at the bottom of the page
and explain the different niches the birds occupy.
Click on the “Practice” link at the bottom on the
left side and then click on “2. Diversity” link. This will bring you to 5 multiple choice
questions about this topic. Answer the
questions below with information you learn from attempting the multiple choice
questions and then checking your answers.
25. Which element must organic compounds
contain? What compounds do autotrophs convert into glucose?
26. What are organism
labeled B? What would happen to
organisms labeled A if organisms B are eliminated?
27. What would happen to organisms labeled B is
they were outnumbered by organisms labeled A?
28. List the five kingdoms. To which kingdom do you belong?
29. List the order of classification categories
starting with kingdom and ending with species.
30. What are the following structures used for? Cilia? Oral
Groove? Food Vacuoles?
31. Why category of organism makes food from
carbon dioxide and oxygen (Autotrophs, Herbivores,
Carnivores, or Omnivores)? What is this
process called?
32. How do heterotrophs
obtain energy? What do they produce as a
waste product?
When you are done
you can click on the “Living Environment” link all the way at
the top of the page to return to the biology page. Then click on 1. Organization of Life
link to get back to the Introduction/Home page.
PART
III. ORGANIZATIONAL LEVELS
Click on the “Home” link on the left side, read the
section about organizational levels, and answer the following questions.
33. How are cells able to perform all of basic
life functions?
Click on the “Organizational Levels” link on the left
side and answer the following questions.
34. What are cells with similar function grouped
into? What are groups of tissues working
together called? What do these
structures come together to form?
Click on the “Practice” link at the bottom on the
left side and then click on “3. Organizational Levels”
link. This will bring you to 2
multiple choice questions about this topic.
Answer the questions below with information you learn from attempting
the multiple choice questions and then checking your answers.
35. Which of the two parts of the name is always
capitalized? Which is always lower
case? How else can you recognize a
scientific name?
36. Organelles make up ____________, which make
up _____________, which make up organs.
When you are done
you can click on the “Living Environment” link all the way at
the top of the page to return to the biology page. Then click on 1. Organization of Life
link to get back to the Introduction/Home page.
PART
IV. CELL STRUCTURE
Click on the “Home” link on the left side, read the
section about cell structure, and answer the following questions.
37. What makes up the organelles that make up the
cells? List 5 different roles that these
organelles have.
Click on the “Cell Structure” link on the left side
and answer the following questions.
38. Fill in the blank with regards to the Cell Theory: The cell is the unit of __________________
and the unit of
________________ in all living things.
All cells come from __________________________ cells.
39. List 5 roles of organelles contained in
cells.
40. A cell wall surrounds plant cells. Examine the diagram of the animal cell. What surrounds this type of cell?
41. What is at the center of this cell? What role does this structure play?
42. Write the name of the organelle next to each
of the following functions.
A. _______________________ Transports substances throughout the cell
B. _______________________ Stores and digest food
C. _______________________ Contains DNA which controls the activities of
the cell.
D. _______________________ Makes proteins in the cell. Attached to the ER.
E. _______________________ Only found surrounding plant cells.
F. _______________________ Only found in plant cells and algae and is
used in photosynthesis.
G. _______________________ The “powerhouse” of the cell. Converts glucose to ATP.
H. _______________________ Used to rid the cell of wastes and excess
water.
43. List three roles of the cell membrane. What are found on the surface of the membrane
AND what role do they play?
44. Explain the process of diffusion or passive
transport.
45. How does active transport differ from passive
transport? What must a cell use to make
active transport occur?
46. What are carbohydrates broken down into? What are proteins broken into? What are lipids or fats broken into?
Click on the “Practice” link at the bottom on the
left side and then click on “4. Cell Structure” link. This will bring you to 8 multiple choice
questions about this topic. Answer the
questions below with information you learn from attempting the multiple choice
questions and then checking your answers.
47. Through which process does water move into
the protist?
Why does this occur?
48. What is the mitochondria
otherwise known as? What occurs in this
structure?
49. Which organelle looks like a stack of
pancakes? What is this organelle
called? What is its role?
50. What is the role of the endoplasmic
reticulum?
51. What does the nucleus contain and what is its
role?
52. What are chromosomes? What are genes?
53. Where is DNA found? What is ATP used for? What kind of molecules are chitin and
starch? What do nucleotides make
up? What little structures combine to
form proteins?
54. Why can’t plant cells “pinch in” during cell
division? What does form between two
cells?
55. What is a centriole
used for? What kind of
cells contain these structures?
56. What structure on the list do plant cells
have that animal cells don’t?
57. What kind of situation will cause water to
move out of the cell?
58. Why don’t the other three processes NOT
require cellular energy?
When you are done
you can click on the “Living Environment” link all the way at
the top of the page to return to the biology page. Then click on 1. Organization of Life
link to get back to the Introduction/Home page.
PART
V. LIFE FUNCTIONS
Click on the “Home” link on the left side, read the
section about life functions, and answer the following questions.
59. What two things can nutrients that entered
the cell be used for?
60. What is an enzyme?
Click on the “Life Functions” link on the left side
and answer the following questions.
61. List 3 waste products that are excreted by
the body.
62. Define the term “respiration” as a life
process.
Click on the “Practice” link at the bottom on the
left side and then click on “5. Life Functions” link. This will bring you to 19 multiple choice
questions about this topic. Answer the
questions below with information you learn from attempting the multiple choice
questions and then checking your answers.
63. What is the amoeba taking in? Why is it taking this in? Is this an autotroph
or heterotroph?
64. What kind of digestive system does an
earthworm have? What is the mouth of the
tube used for? What is the intestine
used for? What is the anus used
for?
65. What are enzymes found within an earthworm’s
tube-like digestive system used for?
66. Yeast is used to ferment glucose. It is considered an “anaerobic” process. What does this mean? Other than some carbon dioxide and ATP, what
else is produce from this process?
67. What structures does a grasshopper use to
bring in oxygen and get rid of CO2?
68. Through what does an earthworm exchange gas?
69. What is the central nervous
systems of chordates made up of?
70. List three structures protists
use for locomotion. If Organism A isn’t
a consumer, what must it be?
71. (There is a problem with the picture—Just
answer the question w/out the picture).
What is the name of the wave action that forces food through the
gastrointestinal tract? What is it
controlled by?
72. Look at the diagram in question 8. Is carbon dioxide being loaded into a red
blood cell or unloaded from a red blood cell?
Would this process occur in the lungs or in a muscle cell?
73. What is a glomerulus? What is an alveolus? What occurs in the small
intestine?
74. What is the role of structure C? What is produced in structure A?
75. Lists three roles of our endoskeleton.
76. What structures produce lactic acid? What structure stores nitrogenous wastes?
77. What does synthesis mean? What is produced during the process of
respiration?
78. What do hydrolytic enzymes do?
79. What three components make up the circulatory
system?
80. What does hydrolysis involve? What does synthesis mean?
81. What does pinocytosis
involve?
82. Why can’t muscles and tentacles be found in protists?
83. What is the role of a contractile vacuole?
84. What are effectors? Why can’t a paramecium be the answer to this
question? Why can’t a maple tree be the
answer to this question?
85. What is the role of phloem in plants? What is the role of setae in earthworms?
86. What are ganglia? What structures accomplish gas exchange and
transport in humans?
87. What is urea?
What does acetylcholine do?
88. What is the role of hemoglobin?
89. Through what structure does CO2
leave the body?
90. Where is marrow found? What does it produce?
When you are done
you can click on the “Living Environment” link all the way at
the top of the page to return to the biology page. Then click on 1. Organization of Life
link to get back to the Introduction/Home page.
PART
VI. CELLULAR COMMUNICATION
Click on the “Home” link on the left side, read the
section about cellular communication , and answer the
following questions.
91. What are neurotransmitters and hormones
responsible for?
92. What controls the synthesis of proteins?
Click on the “Cellular Communication” link on the
left side and answer the following questions.
93. What are receptor molecules and where are
they found?
94. What does a hormone do once it reaches a
target cell?
95. What portion of the nerve cell detects
stimuli and starts the nerve impulse towards the central nervous system?
Click on the “Practice” link at the bottom on the
left side and then click on “6. Cellular Communication”
link. This will bring you to 2
multiple choice questions about this topic.
Answer the questions below with information you learn from attempting
the multiple choice questions and then checking your answers.
96. Which side, A or B, has a lower concentration
of molecules? In which direction will
the molecules move?
97. What produces antibodies? What is the role of an antibody?
98. What do neurotransmitters all to happen?
99. What are lipids?
