Topic: Earth's Resources
Week of November 9th-13th, 2009
Vocabulary Words Chapter 10: Protecting Earth's Resources
1. conservation: careful use of natural resources
2. resource: any supply that will meet a need
3. renewable resource: a resource that can be replaced in a reasonable
amount of time
4. nonrenewable resource: a resource that cannot be replaced on the time
scale of human history
5. pollution: the placing of harmful substances into the environment
6. fuel: are materials that are burned to produce heat energy
7. fossil fuel: energy source formed from the remains of once living things
from long ago
8. solar energy: is a renewable energy source; energy that travels through
space in the form of light and other types of energy
9. hydroelectric: producing electricity by using the power of flowing water
10. geothermal: energy produced by thermal energy inside of Earth; it can
also be used to produce electricity and its renewable resource for energy
because it is constantly produced inside Earth
11. biomass: remains of anything that lived recently
12. nuclear energy: comes from an atom's nucleus
13. recycling: processing waste items so the materials they are made of can
be used to make new items
14. reuse: to use again, especially after salvaging, a special treatment or
processing.
15. reduce: to bring to a certain state, condition, arrangement, or to become
lessened
Things to Know for the TEST
Study Guide for Chapter 10
Lesson 1 What are nonrenewable energy resources?
- Resources are supplies that will meet a need for materials or energy.
- Renewable resources are ones that can be replaced. Nonrenewable resources
either cannot be replaced at all or cannnot be replaced as fast as we use
them.
- Fossil fuel, such as coal and oil, are made from the remains of organisms.
- Drills are used to make a hole through which to pump oil and natural gas
from deep beneath Earth's surface, either below land or beneath the ocean
floor.
- Oil and natural gas provide the energy that powers many parts of society.
- Fossil fuels offer the advantage of easily providing large amounts of
energy, but they have the disadvantage of causing polllution.
Lesson 2 What are other energy resources?
- Solar energy is a renewable resource.
- Solar energy had advantages, such as not running out, and disadvantages,
such as not being available at night or on cloudy days.
- Wind energy is a nonpolluting renewable resource that people have been
using for thousands of years.
- Wind energy had advantages and disadvantages over other energy resources.
- One of the oldest energy resources is flowing water, which people have used
for centuries to turn water wheels.
- Moving water is still an important energy resource. It is used to run
generators at hydroelectric power plants.
- Although hydroelectric power produces no pollution or waste, the lakes
created by dams can cause environmental damage.
- Nuclear power plants use uranium to make electricity. They are inexpensive
to build and produce dangerous waste.
- Geothermal energy uses the high temperatures inside Earth to produce steam
that drives generators to make electricity, but geothermal energy is
available in only a few places on Earth.
- Biomass, which consists of food wastes, wood, grasses, and animal waste,
can be burned in power plants and turned into liquid fuel. Burning biomass
does create air pollution.
Lesson 3 What are other resources? (
- Humans use many mineral resources from Earth for many different purposes.
- All minerals resources are nonrenewable, but soem are found in larger
amounts that others.
- Water, soil, and air are resources that are renewable to some degree and
that need to be protected every day.
- Water, soil, and air can be polluted by human activities as well as by
natural events like volcanoes and forest fires.
Lesson 4 Can resources be conserved?
- Since the Industrial Revolution, people have caused pollution of air,
water, and soil.
- Laws and technologies help people maintain resources and clean up damaged
areas.
- Recycling is a way to save resources and to save energy.
- Glass, paper, plastic, and aluminum cans are all recyclable.
- Individuals can help save resources by recycling.
