GRADE LEVEL EXPECTATIONS CHEMISTRY GLEs (Recommended for Grades 11/12) Physical Science Measurement and Symbolic Representation 1. Convert metric system units involving length, mass, volume, and time using dimensional analysis (i.e., factor-label method) (PS-H-A1) 2. Differentiate between accuracy and precision and evaluate percent error (PS-H-A1) 3. Determine the significant figures based on precision of measurement for stated quantities (PS-H-A1) 4. Use scientific notation to express large and small numbers (PS-H-A1) 5. Write and name formulas for ionic and covalent compounds (PS-H-A2) 6. Write and name the chemical formula for the products that form from the reaction of selected reactants (PS-H-A2) 7. Write a balanced symbolic equation from a word equation (PS-H-A2) Atomic Structure 8. Analyze the development of the modern atomic theory from a historical perspective (PS-H-B1) 9. Draw accurate valence electron configurations and Lewis dot structures for selected molecules, ionic and covalent compounds, and chemical equations (PS-H-B1) 10.Differentiate among alpha, beta, and gamma emissions (PS-H-B2) 11.Calculate the amount of radioactive substance remaining after a given number of half-lives has passed (PS-H-B2) 12.Describe the uses of radioactive isotopes and radiation in such areas as plant and animal research, health care, and food preservation (PS-H-B2) 13.Identify the number of bonds an atom can form given the number of valence electrons (PS-H-B3) The Structure and Properties of Matter 14.Identify unknowns as elements, compounds, or mixtures based on physical properties (e.g., density, melting point, boiling point, solubility) (PS-H-C1) 15.Predict the physical and chemical properties of an element based only on its location in the periodic table (PS-H-C2) 16.Predict the stable ion(s) an element is likely to form when it reacts with other specified elements (PS-H-C2) 17.Use the periodic table to compare electronegativities and ionization energies of elements to explain periodic properties, such as atomic size (PS-H-C2) 18.Given the concentration of a solution, calculate the predicted change in its boiling and freezing points (PS-H-C3) 19.Predict the conductivity of a solution (PS-H-C3) 20.Express concentration in terms of molarity, molality, and normality (PS-H-C3) 21.Design and conduct a laboratory investigation in which physical properties are used to separate the substances in a mixture (PS-H-C4) 22.Predict the kind of bond that will form between two elements based on electronic structure and electronegativity of the elements (e.g., ionic, polar, nonpolar) (PS-H-C5) 23.Model chemical bond formation by using Lewis dot diagrams for ionic, polar, and nonpolar compounds (PS-H-C5) 24.Describe the influence of intermolecular forces on the physical and chemical properties of covalent compounds (PS-H-C5) 25.Name selected structural formulas of organic compounds (PS-H-C6) 26.Differentiate common biological molecules, such as carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids by using structural formulas (PS-H-C6) 27.Investigate and model hybridization in carbon compounds (PS-H-C6) 28.Name, classify, and diagram alkanes, alkenes, and alkynes (PS-H-C6) 29.Predict the properties of a gas based on gas laws (e.g., temperature, pressure, volume) (PS-H-C7) 30.Solve problems involving heat flow and temperature changes by using known values of specific heat and latent heat of phase change (PS-H-C7) Chemical Reactions 31.Describe chemical changes and reactions using diagrams and descriptions of the reactants, products, and energy changes (PS-H-D1) 32.Determine the concentration of an unknown acid or base by using data from a titration with a standard solution and an indicator (PS-H-D2) 33.Calculate pH of acids, bases, and salt solutions based on the concentration of hydronium and hydroxide ions (PS-H-D2) 34.Describe chemical changes by developing word equations, balanced formula equations, and net ionic equations (PS-H-D3) 35.Predict products (with phase notations) of simple reactions, including acid/base, oxidation/reduction, and formation of precipitates (PS-H-D3) 36.Identify the substances gaining and losing electrons in simple oxidation- reduction reactions (PS-H-D3) 37.Predict the direction of a shift in equilibrium in a system as a result of stress by using LeChatalier's principle (PS-H-D4) 38.Relate the law of conservation of matter to the rearrangement of atoms in a balanced chemical equation (PS-H-D5) 39.Conduct an investigation in which the masses of the reactants and products from a chemical reaction are calculated (PS-H-D5) 40.Compute percent composition, empirical formulas, and molecular formulas of selected compounds in chemical reactions (PS-H-D5) 41.Apply knowledge of stoichiometry to solve mass/mass, mass/volume, volume/volume, and mole/mole problems (PS-H-D5) 42.Differentiate between activation energy in endothermic reactions and exothermic reactions (PS-H-D6) 43.Graph and compute the energy changes that occur when a substance, such as water, goes from a solid to a liquid state, and then to a gaseous state (PS-H-D6) 44.Measure and graph energy changes during chemical reactions observed in the laboratory (PS-H-D6) 45.Give examples of common chemical reactions, including those found in biological systems (PS-H-D7) Forces and Motion 46.Identify and compare intermolecular forces and their effects on physical and chemical properties (PS-H-E1) Interactions of Energy and Matter 47.Assess environmental issues related to the storage, containment, and disposal of wastes associated with energy production and use (PS-H-G4) PHYSICS GLEs (Recommended for Grades 11/12) Physical Science Measurement and Symbolic Representation 1. Measure and determine the physical quantities of an object or unknown sample using correct prefixes and metric system units (e.g., mass, charge, pressure, volume, temperature, density) (PS-H-A1) 2. Determine and record measurements correctly using significant digits and scientific notation (PS-H-A1) 3. Determine accuracy and precision of measured data (PS-H-A1) 4. Perform dimensional analysis to verify problem set-up (PS-H-A1) 5. Use trigonometric functions to make indirect measurements (PS-H-A1) Forces and Motion 6. Explain the role of strong nuclear forces and why they are the strongest of all forces (PS-H-E1) 7. Relate gravitational force to mass and distance (PS-H-E1) 8. Compare and calculate electrostatic forces acting within and between atoms to the gravitational forces acting between atoms (PS-H-E1) 9. Describe and measure motion in terms of position, displacement time, and the derived quantities of velocity and acceleration (PS-H-E2) 10.Determine constant velocity and uniform acceleration mathematically and graphically (PS-H-E2) 11.Plot and interpret displacement-time and velocity-time graphs and explain how these two types of graphs are interrelated (PS-H-E2) 12.Model scalar and vector quantities (PS-H-E2) 13.Solve for missing variables in kinematic equations relating to actual situations (PS-H-E2) 14.Add and resolve vectors graphically and mathematically to determine resultant/equilibrant of concurrent force vectors (PS-H-E3) 15.Calculate centripetal force and acceleration in circular motion (PS-H-E3) 16.Analyze circular motion to solve problems relating to angular velocity, acceleration, momentum, and torque (PS-H-E3) 17.Analyze simple harmonic motion (PS-H-E3) 18.Demonstrate the independence of perpendicular components in projectile motion and predict the optimum angles and velocities of projectiles (PS-H-E3) Energy 19.Explain quantitatively the conversion between kinetic and potential energy for objects in motion (e.g., roller coaster, pendulum) (PS-H-F1) 20.Calculate the mechanical advantage and efficiency of simple machines and explain the loss of efficiency using the dynamics of the machines (PS-H-F1) 21.Explain and calculate the conversion of one form of energy to another (e.g., chemical to thermal, thermal to mechanical, magnetic to electrical) (PS-H-F1) 22.Analyze energy transformations using the law of conservation of energy (PS-H-F2) 23.Apply the law of conservation of momentum to collisions in one and two dimensions, including angular momentum (PS-H-F2) 24.Apply the concept of momentum to actual situations with different masses and velocities (PS-H-F2) Interactions of Energy and Matter 25.Determine the relationships among amplitude, wavelength, frequency, period, and velocity in different media (PS-H-G1) 26.Evaluate how different media affect the properties of reflection, refraction, diffraction, polarization, and interference (PS-H-G1) 27.Investigate and construct diagrams to illustrate the laws of reflection and refraction (PS-H-G1) 28.Draw constructive and destructive interference patterns and explain how the principle of superposition applies to wave propagation (PS-H-G1) 29.Describe observed electrostatic phenomena, calculate Coulomb’s law, and test charge pole, electric field, and magnetic field (PS-H-G2) 30.Construct basic electric circuits and solve problems involving voltage, current, resistance, power, and energy (PS-H-G2) 31.Describe the relationship of electricity, magnetism, and inductance as aspects of a single electromagnetic force (PS-H-G2) 32.Compare properties of electromagnetic and mechanical waves (PS-H-G3) 33.Solve problems related to sound and light in different media (PS-H-G3) 34.Compare the properties of the electromagnetic spectrum as a wave and as a particle (PS-H-G3) 35.Analyze the Doppler effect of a moving wave source (PS-H-G3) SUBJECT TOPICS Allied Health I Historical Perspective of Health Care Health Care Career Ladder Resume Styles Communication Skills Technology Skills Interviewing Techniques Problem-Solving Model Ten Health Care Clusters Medical Nursing Dental Laboratory Imaging Rehabilitation Emergency Veterinary Mental Services Administrative & Information Services Chemistry What is Chemistry? Scientific Method Safety in Laboratory Units of Measurement Matter Energy Temperature and Heat Energy Elements and Compounds Mixtures Models of the Atom Changes in the Nucleus Electron Configurations Development of the Periodic Table Periodic Trends Reactive Metals (s-block) Transition Metals (d-block) Metals to Nonmetals (p-block) Inner Transition Metals (f-block) Ionic Bonding Covalent (aka, molecular) Bonding Naming Compounds Molecular Shape Electronegativity and Polarity Reaction Types Predicting Products Balancing Chemical Equations Factors Affecting Reaction Rates The Mole Stoichiometry Limiting Reagent Percent Yield Endothermic & Exothermic Reactions Heat Enthalpy Hess’s Law Calorimetry States of Matter Phase Diagrams Solids Liquids Solutions Molarity Colligative Properties and Molality Behavior of Gases Combined Gas Law Ideal Gas Law Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure Equilibrium LeChatelier’s Principle Theories of Acids and Bases Neutralization Normality Titration Oxidation and Reduction Spontaneity Entropy Gibbs' Law of Free Energy Nuclear Chemistry Carbon Compounds Biochemistry Physics What is physics? Safety in the Physics Lab Measurement Significance Exponents Graphing Types and Interpretation Vector Analysis Motion - One dimension, two dimensions, rotational Forces Torque Momentum - straight line and angular Density and Buoyancy Kinetic Energy Work Power Simple Machines Mechanical Advantage Thermodynamics Wave Theory Sound Optics Electricity Magnetism Nuclear Energy