Quarterly Assessment Review Guide
Motion (Sec 1-1 and 1-3)
How is motion determined?
An object is in motion when its distance from another object changes
(p. 17)
What is the formula and units and the difference between velocity and speed?
Speed = D/T Distance measured in km, m miles, etc. Time measured in sec.,
hr., etc.(p.20)
Velocity - speed and direction of an object’s motion (p. 22)
Be able to recognize fast, slow, and stopped on a D/T graph. (speed packet)
/ - fast
(opposite)- slow
__ - stopped
What are the units for acceleration?
Acceleration = final velocity – initial velocity/time
2 2
Examples of units of measurement - km/h or m/s (p. 36)
Be able to recognize positive and negative acceleration in a real life situation.
Car going 0 – 60 mph (speeding up - positive)
Car slows down (negative)
Forces (sec 2-1 through part of 2-4)
How is force defined?
Push or pull (p. 44)
What units is it measured in?
Newtons (p.53)
What tool measures it?
Spring scale
How do balanced and unbalanced forces affect the motion of an object?
Unbalanced - object moves (p. 45 - 47)
Unbalanced – no motion
Be able to define and recognize examples of friction.
Force that opposes motion when 2 objects come in contact (p. 56)
Ex – sneaker on gym floor, brakes on a bike
Be able to tell the difference between mass and weight. Know the unit and
tools to measure each.
mass – amount of matter in an object (p. 49)
Measured in kg
Weight – measure of the force of gravity on an object (p. 59)
What are Newton’s Laws of motion?
1st – object at rest will remain at rest and an object at a constant speed will
continue moving at a consant seed unless an outside force acts upon it
(p. 48)
2nd – F = mass x acceleration (p. 53) ^ M=decrease A, ^ F= ^A
3rd – if 1 object exerts a force on another object, the 2nd object exerts a
force of equal strength in the opposite direction on the first object (p. 64)
Be able to explain the motion of an object using these 3 laws like we did in
the balloon rocket lab.
Energy (sec 5-1 and 5-2)
What does the Law of Conservation of Energy state?
Energy cannot be created or destroyed (p. 152)but can be converted
Be able to give 2 examples of energy conversions from real life.
Waterfall, stretching a rubberband (p.150)bouncing ball
Be able to locate the max PE and max KE in a situation like the ball drop lab.
See juggler on p. 150
Work (sec 4-1 and 4-2)
What is the formula for work?
Force on an object causes the object to move
Work = force x distance
What is mechanical advantage? How easy the machine makes the work by
decreasing force
Number of times a force exerted on a machine is multiplied by the machine
Mechanical advantage = output force/input force (p. 113)
How do simple machines give you an advantage?
Changes the amount of force you exert, (p 111)
or the distance you exert force,
or the direction you exert force
Heat (sec 6-1 and 6-2)
What is heat ?
Movement of thermal energy from a substance at a higher temperature to another
at a lower temperature (p. 171)
How does heat move?
Warmer object to a cooler object (p. 172)
When does it stop moving?
when both the particle motion of each object is equal (same temp)
Describe the three ways heat is transferred from one object to another. Give
examples.
(p 172 – 174)
Conduction – heat transferred from one particle of matter to another
without the movement of matter itself
Ex. Spoon in pot of water being heated
Convection – heat transferred by the movement of currents within a fluid
(liquid or gas)
ex. – water heating in a pot
Radiation – transfer of energy by electromagnetic waves
Ex. – sun’s energy reaching us
What is the difference between an insulator and a conductor?
(p. 175)
Insulator does not conduct heat well
Conductor – conducts (transfers) heat well
