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Test Tuesday and Wednesday!
Egypt/Sumer
Review on Monday September 29th
The First Civilizations
Section 1: Ancient Kingdoms of the Nile
Section 2: Egyptian Life and Culture
Section 3: Sumerian Civilization
Section 4: Empires of the Fertile Crescent
Section 5: The Phoenicians and the Lydians
Section 6: The Origins of Judaism
Objectives:
Explore how geography affected the development of ancient Egypt.
Identify the events and discoveries that marked the development of Egyptian
civilization.
Explain how Egyptian kingdoms developed and why they collapsed.
The Land: Its Geography and Importance
The Nile River
Other natural advantages farmland, mineral deposits
Early Steps Toward Civilization
Mining metals
Making alloys and pottery
Writing - hieroglyphics
The Egyptian Kingdoms
The Old Kingdom pharaohs grew weaker and nobles grew stronger
The Middle Kingdom golden age
The New Kingdom Hatshepsut was one of first known female rulers
Egypts decline Ramses was last great pharaoh
Objectives:
Describe Egyptian achievements in the arts and architecture.
Examine how the Egyptians expressed their religious beliefs.
Explain how farming and trade were carried on in Egypt.
The Achievements of Ancient Egypt
Architecture and the arts pyramids, sculpture
Science, math, and medicine calendar, number system and geometry, herbal
medicines
Education and Religion
The gods animal symbols
The afterlife mummification to preserve body
Society and Economy
Farming peasants farmed, but pharaohs owned land
Trade in caravans and by sea
Objectives:
Explore how geography affected the development of the Sumerian civilization.
Identify the achievements of the Sumerian people.
Describe what life was like in Sumerian society.
The Land: Its Geography and Importance
Fertile Crescent not isolated
Flood control society built on cooperation
Sumer and Its Achievements
Sumerian writing cuneiform
Architecture and science arch, wheel, math
Sumerian Society
Government and society priests, kings, and nobles at top, peasant farmers
and slaves at bottom of society
Farming and trade dates, grains, vegetables, flax for linen, animals
Education and religion only upper-class males attended school; practiced
polytheism
Objectives:
Explain why Sumerians were attacked by outsiders.
Examine the characteristics of Babylonian society.
Investigate which invaders conquered Babylon and why they failed to control
it.
Describe the achievements of the Persians.
The Akkadians
From Mesopotamia
Sargon
The Babylonians
Code of Hammurabi an eye for an eye
Babylonian culture farming, women could own property
Religion sacrifices
Other Conquerors
The Hittites laws and government
The Assyrians first to use cavalry
The Chaldeans Nebuchadnezzar
The Persians
Government collected taxes, administered law fairly, built roads
Persian religion Zoroastrianism, universal struggle between good and evil
The decline of the Persians kings lacked leadership abilities
Objectives:
Examine how trade influenced Phoenician culture.
Describe how a money economy developed in Lydia.
The Phoenicians
Phoenician trade lumber, metals, glass blowing, dyeing
Phoenician culture developed Phoenician alphabet
Lydians
First people to use coined money made of gold and silver
Objectives:
Explain how the migrating Hebrews found a homeland.
Explore how religious views affected Hebrew culture.
The Hebrews
The Exodus Moses led Hebrews out of slavery
The Ten Commandments
The founding of Israel King Saul
The Development of Judaism
Law and ethics Torah
Religion ethical monotheism
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