ELA NOTES

Take careful notes.
You will be tested and checked at the end of each quarter on your note taking.

ELA Notes 1.1   (9/10-  9/14)

Comprehension Skills:

The plot is what happens in a story. Characters are the people
or animals in a story.

 Grammar:
There are 4 kinds of sentences, beginning with a capital letter and ending with a special mark.

A declarative sentence makes a statement 
& ends with a period.

Aninterrogative sentence asks a question & ends with a question mark.  An imperative sentence gives a command or makes a request. It ends with a period. An exclamatory  sentence shows strong  feeling & ends with an exclamation point.   An interjection is a word or group of words that expresses strong feeling and is not a complete sentence. 
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ELA Notes 1.5

Comprehension Skills:


A
cause is what makes something happen.

An
effect is what happens as a result
of
the cause.

Grammar:

common noun names any person, place,
or thing.

A proper noun names a particular person, place, or thing.

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ELA Notes 2.1 9/24  -  9/27
Comprehension Skill:
 When writers compare and contrast things,
they tell how those things are alike
and different.


Grammar:
A regular plural noun describes more
than
one person, place or thing. They are formed by adding –s or –es.

An irregularplural noun does not
follow this rule.


Some
words change spelling to follow this rule.

man/men; tooth/teeth

    fish/fish; sheep/sheep


ELA Notes 2.2
(10/1- 10/4)
Comprehension Skill:

An author’s purpose is the reason
why the author writes a story.

(to persuade, inform, entertain, express ideas or feelings)

Grammar:

Apossessive nounshows ownership.
shoe/shoe’s ; Ron/Ron’s
 women/women’s ; girls/girls’


ELA Notes 1.3 
(10/15-  19)

Comprehension Skills: 
The theme is the underlying meaning of a
story. The
setting  is where and when the
story takes place.

Grammar: 
A clause is a group of related words that
has a subject and a predicate. If
a clause makes sense by itself, it is an independent clause.
If a clause does not make sense by itself,
it is a
depeclause.

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Island of the Blue Dolphins Study Guide... TEST Tuesday 11/13
The Aleuts, who are people living on the Aleutian Islands, led by the Russian, came to the Island of the Blue Dolphins to hunt for otters. The island was called that, because if you were able to picture the island from above, it looks like a dolphin lying on its side. When the Aleuts were finished hunting, a fight
broke out and the main character, Karana's father, who was the leader of his
people, was killed. The people of Ghalas-at believed he died because he told
the Aleuts his real name, therefore, losing power.

Kiki, an
older man of the Ghalas-at tribe, assumed power. He left in the spring to go to
a land across the sea, to the east, believing that he will get help for his
people. He sends a ship back to gather his people and bring them to this new
land. When the ship leaves, Karana notices her brother is not on it. He had
sneaked off to go back to the village to retrieve his spear. Karana then jumps
overboard, to be with her younger brother, Ramo. Unfortunately, Ramo is killed
by a pack of wild dogs soon after, leaving Karana alone on the island.

Karana was
then on her own. She tried to leave the island by herself, but her canoe
leaked. She knew she needed to make weapons to hunt and protect herself while
she waited to be rescued from the island. She made a bow and arrows as well as
spears, even though it was forbidden for women and girls to make weapons. In
order to complete her spears, Karana needed the teeth of the sea elephant to
carve into points. When she went to hunt them, two sea elephants, also known as
elephant seals, got into a fight, and Karana hurt her leg trying to avoid the
charging animals. Karana also built a shelter, surrounded by a fence made of
whale ribs, to protect her and her stored food from wild dogs, foxes and mice.
She lashed the ribs together with kelp, a seaweed, which is as tough as sinew,
the tissue that connects muscle to joint. She also stored her food on shelves
in the crevices of the rock. Karana hunted and fished. She also gathered
berries and wild vegetables, lupines and abalone, an edible mollusk.

Karana
tried to escape the island by canoe, but the canoe leaked, leaving her
completely stranded. While paddling the leaking canoe, a school of dolphins
travels with her, guiding her back to the island. Karana was determined to kill
the leader of the wild dogs to avenge the death of her brother.

Karana
finds a Black Cave. Mysteriously, in the Black Cave was a human skeleton,
playing a flute! After a time, others come to the island, including an Aleut
girl who becomes friends with Karana, even though they do not speak the same
language. Karana makes a beautiful outfit out of cormorant feathers. A
cormorant is a large, diving bird with dark plumage.

An
earthquake and tsunami strikes the island, and Karana survives, but her canoes
do not. As she is making a new canoe, she notices a boat on the sea. It lands
on the island, but does not see her, and so leaves before Karana can make
herself known to them. She spends two more years waiting for another boat, not
hearing the sound of another human voice. Finally, another boat arrives, and
Karana leaves the island to go be with her people.


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ELA Notes 2.5 11/13- 11/16

Grammar:
Subject-verb agreementoccurs when the correct singular or plural verb is used to match the singular or plural noun or pronoun in the subject.

Jenny wants ice cream.
Her friends want ice cream, too.
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ELA  Notes  3.2      (11/26-11/30)

Comprehension Skill:  Main Idea & Details

The main idea is the most important idea about a paragraph, passage or article. Supporting details are small pieces of information that tell more about the main idea.

Grammar: Principal Parts of Regular Verbs

A verb’s tenses are formed from it’s principal parts: the present, the past and the past participle. Regular verbs ad   –d or –ed to form the past tense.

     walk….. walked
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ELA  Notes  3.3 Dec. 3-  7th

Grammar: Principal Parts of Irregular Verbs

An irregular verb is one that does not add –ed to form the past tense. Most have different spellings for the past tense.

      buy… bought

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ELA  Notes  3.4  12/10-   14

Grammar: Troublesome verbs

Troublesome verbs are pairs of verbs that are confusing because they have similar meanings or because they look alike.

      lay…..laid;  lie…..lay

ELA  Notes  4.1 12/17-  21

Comprehension Skill:  Draw Conclusions

To draw a conclusion is to form an opinion

after thinking about what you have read. When you draw a conclusion, be sure it makes sense and is supported by details.

 

Grammar: Subject and Object Pronouns

Pronouns used in the subjects of sentences are called subject pronouns.       (I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they)

Pronouns used as direct objects or objects of prepositions are object pronouns. (me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them)

 

ELA  Notes  4.2  1/29-   2/1

Comprehension Skill:  Generalize

A generalization makes a general statement about different things or people having similar details.  (all, many, in general)

Grammar: Pronouns

A pronoun is a word that replaces a noun or noun phrase.

(I, you, he, she, it, me, him, her, we, you, they, us)

The word/s that a pronoun stands for is called the pronoun’s antecedent. (Lauren saw George, so she waved to him.)

ELA  Notes  4.3 2/4-  2/8

Grammar:  Possessive Pronouns

A possessive pronoun is used in place of a possessive noun, it shows who or what owns something. Like a pronoun, it takes the place of    a noun, such as a person, animal or thing.

ELA  Notes  5.2 2/11-   2/15

Grammar:  Adjectives & Articles

An adjective is a word that modifies  a noun or pronoun. It usually, but not always, comes before the noun it describes.

   The words a, an, and the are special adjectives called articles    

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ELA  Notes  5.3 2/25 - 3/1

Grammar:  Demonstrative Pronouns: 
this, that, these, those

     This, that, these and those are demonstrative pronouns. They demonstrate the position of an object. 

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ELA  Notes  5.4 4/15-   4/19

Grammar:
Comparative & Superlative Adjectives

     A comparative adjective is used to compare two people, places, things or groups. Add –er   to most adjectives to make them comparative.

     A superlative adjective is used to compare three or more people, places, things, or groups.

Add –est  to most adjectives to make them superlatives.

*Don’t combine the word more with these adjectives in your writing!

ELA  Notes  6.2 4/22-  26

Grammar: Conjunctions:   and,  or,  but

     A conjunction  is a word that joins words, phrases, or entire sentences.

ELA  Notes  6.3 (4/30-5/3 )

Grammar: comma

     A comma  is a punctuation mark that indicates a short phrase. A comma is used to set off or separate words or groups of words.

     Meg, come here.

     The shirt is blue, green, and pink.

     Our dog, a boxer, is named Pug.

ELA  Notes  6.4 5/6  -  5/10

Grammar: Quotations & Quotation Marks

     A quotation is the exact words a speaker says. In your writing, put a quotation in quotation marks. Use commas to set off the words that introduce a quotation. Also, place the end punctuation or the comma that ends the quotation inside the quotation marks.

     Sandy said, If it rains tomorrow, we can’t go to the beach.
I’ll keep my fingers crossed, then, said Kate

 





 



 





  



 

    

TIME-cover-page.docx
TIME-interview--page.docx
TIME-sports--page.docx