9-8-09 #1
Bellwork requirements:
-date
-copy question/diagram/information
-answer question
-copy math sponge problem
-place in colored folder (oldest first, newest last)
-keep folder in class
-use folder contents for bellwork quizzes
9-9-09 #2
Why do you need to learn Biology? (Answer in 3 complete sentences)
9-10-09 #3
What kind of graph would you use to present each of these data sets? (Use
pie, line and bar graph types.)
1. Number of heart attack sufferers in each state in the U.S.
2. Decline in the number of endangered desert pupfish over the past 50 yrs.
3. Percentage of successful transplant surgeries.
9-11-09
No bellwork.
9-14-09 #4
Because of our knowledge of biology, what changes have been made to hiking
equipment to benefit hikers? (Think of weight, convenience, and survival)
9-15-09 #5
What are the BASE UNITS used in science? (Practical - use notes. CP - pg 23
in book)
9-16-09 #6
1. What is the prefix for 1/10th?
2. What does the prefix kilo mean?
3. Where should the decimal be placed when none is written?
9-17-09 #7
Convert the following:
1. 1 dm to ___ mm
2. 1 km to ___ cm
3. 1 m to ___ hm
4. 1 mm to ___ km
9-18-09 (Practical Biology ONLY)
Read measurement lab.
Make the following changes: Add to BEAKER data box--25ml and 80ml
Add to 5 PAPER CLIPS data box--small and large
To VOLUME section, add: 1. SMALL to beaker
2. Change 50 to 25.
On Bottom, add: 4. Repeat using 80 ml beaker.
Label HYPOTHESISD and EXPERIMENT steps of lab.
9-21-09 #8
In a bread recipe, 14g dry yeast is dissolved in 826ml of 40 C water, 80ml
oil,158ml honey, and 7g salt. 1135g of flour is added, allowed to rise, then
baked 35 min at 200 C.
1. How many ml of liquid were added together?
2. How many g of dry ingredients were added together?
9-22-09 #9
Using the bread recipe from bellwork #8, answer the following questions.
1. What SI units of measure were listed?
2. For each unit from question 1., what does it measure (ex: length)?
9-23-09 #10 (CP only)
Describe a time when you used scientific method (other than science class) to
solve a problem or answer a question.
9-24-09 #11
Changes in the states of matter:
melting: solid=liquid
freezing: liquid=solid
evaporation: liquid=gas
condensation: gas=liquid
sulbimation: solid=gas
frost formation (deposition): gas=solid
9-25-09 #12
Changes in the states of matter:
Drawing of gas cloud =condensation= Drawing of glass of liquid
[reverse is evaporation]
Drawing of glass of liquid =freezing= Drawing of solid cube
[reverse is evaporation]
Drawing of solid cube =sublimation= Drawing of gas cloud
[reverse is deposition]
9-28-09 #13
Below are 3 pictures of water molecules in either the gas, liquid, or solid
state.
1. Which picture represents which state?
2. Give a brief explanation for your choice.
A. 5.5 water molecules are visible
B. 2.5 water molecules are visible
C. 5 complete and 4 partial water molecules are visible
9-29-09 #14
Element abundance in human body:
1. oxygen 65%
2. carbon 18%
3. hydrogen 10%
4. nitrogen 3%
5. calcium 1.5%
6. phosphorus 1%
7. potassium 0.35%
8. sulfur 0.25%
9. magnesium 0.15%
10. copper, zinc, selenium, molybdenum, fluorine, chorine, iodine, iron,
manganese, cobalt (total 0.7%)
11. lithium, strontium, aluminum, silicon, lead, vanadium, arsenic, bromine
(trace amounts)
9-30-09 #15
Science fiction storeies often refer to humans and aliens as "carbon based
life forms".
1. Explain what "carbon-based life forms" means.
2. Name the 8 most abundant elements, along with their chemical symbols, in
the human body.
10-1-09 #16
Counting atoms:
1. Write the name of the substance on your paper.
2. Write the chemical formula.
3. Write the element symbol and name for each element present.
4. Write the amount of each element present next to the element name.
Ex: Water, H2O H, hydrogen, 2 O, oxygen, 1
1. Carbon monoxide, CO
2. Cobalt, Co
3. Table salt, NaCl
4. Glucose, C6H12O6
5. Vinegar, C2H4O2
6. Methane, CH4
7. Cellulose, C6H7O2(OH)3
10-5-09 #17
Copy the diagram:
Atoms-Molecules-Macromolecules-Organelles-Cell-Tissue-Organ-Organ system-
Organism-Population-Ecosystem
10-6-09 #18
Using the diagram from Bellwork #17, summarize ideas n 2-4 sentences.
10-7-09 #19
Complex carbohydrates (polysaccharides) are stored glucose molecules called:
glycogen (in animal livers)
starch and cellulose (in plants) which differ in the way molecules are bound
together
True/False
In addition to being an energy source, a cell membrane marker, and structural
component of plant cells, are carbohydrates a major component of mucus?
10-8-09 #20
Lipids found in the cell membrane contain portions which ar hydrophobic and
hydrophilic. If "hydro" means water, which portion is water-loving and which
portion is water-fearing?
10-13-09 #21
Use information given to determine identity of food unknowns in lab on Friday.
Fat Carb Protein
Milk 8g 11g 8g
Heavy cream 11g <1g <1g
Margarine 11g 0g 0g
Sugar 0g 4g 0g
10-14-09 #22
Vegetable Oil 14g 0g 0g
Pectin 0g 1g 0g
Salt 0g 0g 0g
Baking Soda 0g 0g 0g
10-15-09 #23
Soda 0g 26g 0g
Diet Soda 0g 0g 0g
Gelatin 0g 0g 2g
Honey 0g 17g 0g
Flour 0g 22g 3g
10-16-09 #24
Done on lab sheet.
10-19-09 #25
Enzymes in Laundry Detergent
Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts. Catalysts are substances that
make chemical reactions go faster. Enzymes in laundry detergents break down
carbohydrates and proteins in common food stains such as food and blood,
making the stain easier to remove. The enzymes are purified from mutant
bacteria that can tolerate the high temperatures and alkaline conditions
required for cleaning fabrics. Many enzymes end is "-ase". Their names often
refer to the chemicals they act upon. For example, lactase breaks down
lactose (milk sugar).
10-20-09 #26
Use the information presented on 10-19-09 to answer the following questions.
1. What is a catalyst?
2. Where do enzymes in laundry detergents come from?
3. Is this an example of biotechnology?
10-21-09 #27
Use the information presented on 10-19-09 to answer the following questions.
1. What is the ending for many enzymes?
2. Does "alkaline" refer to acid or basic conditions?
3. What molecules do you think "lipase" breaks down? [Hint: It's other name
is fat/oil.]
10-22-09 #28
A human hair is about 100 microns in diameter (a micron is a millionth of a
meter so 100 microns is a tenth of a millimeter). A typical human cell is
about 10 microns (one tenth of the diameter of your hair). Your little toe
contains about 2 or 3 billion cells (depending on how big you are). This
would be like filling a house (little toe) with peas (cells).
1. Write the fraction and decimal for "a millionth".
2. How many cells would span the diameter of a hair?
10-23-09 #29
Prokaryotes vs Eukaryotes
Prokaryotes are organisms without a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles.
Most are a single cell and includes all bacteria. Eukaryotes are very
different. These cells have a nucleus with DNA. Prokaryotes have their
genetic material without a membrane covering. Eukaryotes have organelles
(specialized structures that perform functions for the cell). They may be
single or many celled. They include: animals, plants, fungi, and protists
(single celled organisms).
1. Which type of cell has no nucleus?
2. Do all cells have organelles?
3. What type of cell makes up your body?
10-26-09 #30
1. What substances need to get into and out of the cell?
2. How do substances get into and out of the cell?
3. Transport of substances into and out of the cell helps it to maintain what?
10-27-09 #31
1. How are prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells different?
2. How are plant and animal cells different?
10-28-09 #32
During the dry summer months, wooden drawers and doors have no problem
opening and closing. If the weather becomes wet and humid, many cabinets get
stuck and doors get wedged closed.
1. What's going on?
10-29-09 #33
Heart muscle
Calcium ions (Ca++) are needed for muscle contraction. These ions can't
diffuse directly through the cell membrane but instead pass through protein
channels, by passive transport.
Calcium channel blockers are drugs that inhibit the flow of calcium ions
through ion channels in cardiac muscle cells. The drugs decrease heart rate
and the force of the heartbeat. These drugs are used to reduce blood
pressure, relieve chest pain, and stabilize abnormal heart rhythms.
1. How does Ca++ get into cardiac muscle cells?
2. What might happen if too much calcium blocking drug were given to a
patient?
3. Does Ca++ move from low to high or high to low concentration?
4. Does this process require energy?
10-30-09
No bellwork, Bellwork Quiz
11-2-09 #34
Give a brief definition of diffusion and osmosis. Give an example of each.
11-3-09 #35
Osmosis is the movement of water across a membrane from an area of high to
low concentration. It is a form of passive transport.
1. How are diffusion and osmosis alike?
2. How are diffusion and osmosis different?
11-4-09 #36
The movement of water into a cell can put pressure on the cell membrane.
Animal cells will expand and may burst. Organisms with a cell wall, such as
plants, do not burst. In plants, the cell membrane pushes against the cell
wall and the cell wall resists. The pressure that results allows the plant to
stay upright. If you don't water a plant, it wilts. Why? (Explain in terms of
osmosis and diffusion).
11-5-09 #37
Case study: You are a histologist (cell and tissue specialist) at a local
hospital. A medical student has given you 2 slides containing blood cells
from 2 different patients. Your job is to determine what is wrong with the
blood cells of the 2 patients. One slide has cells that appear puffy. The 2nd
appear shriveled up. (Use knowledge of osmosis to help solve the problem.)
11-6-09 #38
Cells must transport certain amino acids, sugars, and other substances into
their cytoplasm from the surrounding fluid. But many of these substances have
a higher concentration inside the cells and a lower concentration outside the
cells. So, cells must have a way to move some substances against their
natural way of moving (low to high). This type of transport is active
transport.
1. How is active transport different than diffusion?
11-9-09 #39
Which of the following is NOT true about facilitated diffusion?
a. does not require energy
b. molecules move from high to low concentration
c. molecules move from low to high concentration
d. protein channels help transport
11-10-09 #40
How are the plants adapted to getting the most sunlight possible?
11-12-09 #41
When an organism grows, does the size of its cells increase OR does the
number of its cells increase?
11-13-09 #42
How would you divide a human lifespan into stages?
11-16-09 #1
A tree takes in carbon dioxide, it needs it to survive. But can it release
enough oxygen to keep just one person alive?
11-17-09 #2
A plant needs its own food to function. It can't make its own food at night.
Beyond a few hours of darkness, can a plant stay alive without light?
11-19-09 #3
A plant that receives the nutrition it needs will continue to live. But what
if we took all its oxygen away? Do you think the plant could still grow?
11-20-09 #4
If experiments were performed on a planet identical to Earth, except that
there was no carbon dioxide, what would you expect to happen to a plant's
production of sugars?
A. Carbon dioxide does not affect the production of sugars
B. More sugars will be produced
C. No sugars will be produced
D. The same number of sugars will be produced
11-23-09 #5
Where does cellular respiration take place at?
11-24-09 #6
In cellular respiration, glucose can be broken down with or without oxygen.
How much ATP is produced from each process?
(aerobic) C6H12O6 + 6 O2 = 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + ? ATP
(anaerobic) C6H12O6 = 2 CO2 + 2 ethyl alcohol + ? ATP
11-25-09 #7
What if the body runs out of sugar? Can it still make ATP?
