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K5 Standards

KINDERGARTEN - READING: Understanding and Using Literary Texts

Standard K-1: The student will begin to read and comprehend a variety of literary texts in print and nonprint formats.

Students in kindergarten read four major types of literary texts: fiction, literary nonfiction, poetry, and drama. In the category of fiction, they read the following specific types of texts: picture books and fantasy. In the category of literary nonfiction, autobiographical and biographical sketches are read aloud to students. In the category of poetry, they read nursery and counting rhymes, songs, narrative poems, lyrical poems, humorous poems, and free verse.

K-1.1 Use pictures and words to make predictions regarding a story read aloud.

K-1.2 Understand that a narrator tells the story.

K-1.3 Exemplify sound devices (including onomatopoeia & alliteration) in texts read aloud.

K-1.4 Generate a retelling that identifies the characters and the setting in a story and relates the important events in sequential order.

K-1.5 Understand how the author’s choice of words affects the meaning of the text.

K-1.6 Use relevant details in summarizing stories read aloud.

K-1.7 Create responses to literary texts through a variety of methods such as writing,

creative dramatics, and the visual and performing arts.

K-1.8 Carry out independent reading for pleasure.

K-1.9 Recall the characteristics of fantasy.

READING: Understanding and Using Informational Texts

Standard K-2: The student will begin to read and comprehend a variety of informational texts in print and nonprint formats.

Kindergarten students read informational (expository/persuasive/argumentative) texts of the following types: informational trade books and magazine articles. They also read directions, graphs, and recipes embedded in informational texts.

K-2.1 Summarize the central idea and details from informational texts read aloud.

K-2.2 Analyze texts during classroom discussions to make inferences.

K-2.3 Exemplify facts in texts read aloud.

K-2.4 Create responses to informational texts through a variety of methods such as drawings, written works, and oral presentations.

K-2.5 Carry out independent reading to gain information.

K-2.6 Understand that headings and print styles (e.g., italics, bold, larger type) provide information to the reader.

K-2.7 Understand graphic features such as illustrations and graphs.

K-2.8 Recognize tables of contents.

K-2.9 Conclude the cause of an event described in a text read aloud.

READING: Learning to Read

Standard K-3 The student will learn to read by applying appropriate skills and strategies.

Indicators for this standard in kindergarten through grade two focus on beginning reading skills and strategies and support the five components—comprehension, fluency, phonemic awareness, phonics, and vocabulary—delineated by the National Reading Panel as central to a child’s learning to read. These indicators will be assessed by the classroom teacher.

Oral Language Acquisition and Vocabulary Development

K-3.1 Use pictures and context to construct the meaning of unfamiliar words in texts read aloud.

K-3.2 Create a different form of a familiar word by adding an –s or –ing ending.

K-3.3 Use vocabulary acquired from a variety of sources (including conversations, texts read-aloud, and the media).

K-3.4 Recognize high-frequency words.


Fluency

K-3.5 Use oral rhymes, poems, and songs to build fluency.

K-3.6 Use appropriate voice level when speaking.

Phonemic Awareness and Phonics

K-3.7 Use beginning sounds, ending sounds, and onsets and rimes to generate words orally.

K-3.8 Match consonant and short-vowel sounds to the appropriate letters.

K-3.9 Understand that multiple small words can make compound words.

K-3.10 Recognize uppercase and lowercase letters and their order in the alphabet.

K-3.11 Create rhyming words in response to an oral prompt.

K-3.12 Classify words by categories such as beginning and ending sounds.

K-3.13 Identify beginning and ending sounds in words.

K-3.14 Create words by orally adding, deleting, or changing sounds.

Oral Language Acquisition and Comprehension Development

K-3.15 Use prior knowledge and life experiences to construct meaning from texts.

K-3.16 Understand environmental print in such forms as signs in the school, road signs, restaurant and store signs, and logos.

Concepts about Print

K-3.17 Exemplify the parts of a book (including the front and back covers, the title, and the author’s name).

K-3.18 Carry out left-to-right and top-to-bottom directionality on the printed page.

K-3.19 Distinguish between letters and words.

WRITING: Developing Written Communications

Standard K-4: The student will begin to create written work that has a clear focus, sufficient detail, coherent organization, effective use of voice, and correct use of the conventions of written Standard American English.

Oral Language Expression

K-4.1 Generate ideas for writing by using techniques such as participating in conversations and looking at pictures.

K-4.2 Generate complete sentences orally.

Early Writing Development

K-4.3 Use pictures, letters, or words to tell a story from beginning to end.

K-4.4 Understand that a person’s name is a proper noun.

K-4.5 Use proofreading skills to edit small-group or whole-class writing with teacher support.

K-4.6 Use strategies to revise small group or whole class writing with teacher support.

K-4.7 Use uppercase and lowercase letters.

K-4.8 Use appropriate letter formation when printing.

WRITING: Producing Written Communications in a Variety of Forms

Standard K-5: The student will begin to write for a variety of purposes and audiences.

K-5.1 Use drawings, letters, or words to create written communications such as notes,
messages, and lists to inform a specific audience.

K-5.2 Use drawings, letters, or words to create narratives such as stories and journal entries about people, places, or things.

K-5.3 Use drawings, letters, or words to create descriptions of personal experiences, people, places, or things.

K-5.4 Use drawings, letters, or words to create written pieces such as simple rhymes to entertain others.

RESEARCHING: Applying the Skills of Inquiry and Oral Communication

Standard K-6: The student will begin to access and use information from a variety of sources.

K-6.1 Generate how and why questions about a topic of interest.

K-6.2 Understand that information can be found in print sources such as books, pictures, simple graphs, and charts and nonprint media such as videos, television, films, radio, and the Internet.

K-6.3 Classify information by constructing categories such as living and nonliving things.

K-6.4 Use complete sentences when orally communicating with others.

K-6.5 Understand and follow one- and two-step oral directions.

 

MATH

Counting and Cardinality

Know number names and the count sequence.

KCC1

Count to 100 by ones and by tens.

KCC2

Count forward beginning from a given number within the known sequence (instead of having to begin at 1).

KCC3

Write numbers from 0 to 20. Represent a number of objects with a written numeral 0-20 (with 0 representing a count of no objects).

Count to tell the number of objects.

KCC4

Understand the relationship between numbers and quantities; connect counting to cardinality.

a.

When counting objects, say the number names in the standard order, pairing each object with one and only one number name and each number name with one and only one object.

b.

Understand that the last number name said tells the number of objects counted. The number of objects is the same regardless of their arrangement or the order in which they were counted.

c.

Understand that each successive number name refers to a quantity that is one larger.

KCC5

Count to answer “how many?” questions about as many as 20 things arranged in a line, a rectangular array, or a circle, or as many as 10 things in a scattered configuration; given a number from 1-20, count out that many objects.

Compare numbers.

KCC6

Identify whether the number of objects in one group is greater than, less than, or equal to the number of objects in another group, e.g., by using matching and counting strategies. (Include groups up to 10 objects.)

KCC7

Compare two numbers between 1 and 10 presented as written numerals.

Operations and Algebraic Thinking

Understand addition as putting together and adding to, and understand subtraction as taking apart and taking from.

KOA1

Represent addition and subtraction with objects, fingers, mental images, drawings, (Drawings need not show details but should show the mathematics in the problem.), sounds (e.g., claps), acting out situations, verbal explanations, expressions, or equations.

KOA2

Solve addition and subtraction word problems, and add and subtract within 10, e.g., by using objects or drawings to represent the problems.

KOA3

Decompose numbers less than or equal to 10 into pairs in more than one way, e.g., by using objects or drawings, and record each decomposition by a drawing or equation (e.g., 5 = 2 + 3 and 5 = 4 + 1).

KOA4

For any number from 1 to 9, find the number that makes 10 when added to the given number, e.g., by using objects or drawings, and record the answer with a drawing or equation.

KOA5

Fluently add and subtract within 5.

Number and Operations in Base Ten

Work with numbers 11-19 to gain foundations for place value.

KNBT1

Compose and decompose numbers from 11 to 19 into ten ones and some further ones, e.g., by using objects or drawings, and record each composition or decomposition by a drawing or equation (e.g., 18=10+8); understand that these numbers are composed of ten ones and one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, or nine ones.

Measurement and Data

Describe and compare measurable attributes.

KMD1

Describe measurable attributes of objects, such as length or weight. Describe several measurable attributes of a single object.

KMD2

Directly compare two objects with a measurable attribute in common to see which object has “more of”/”less of” the attribute, and describe the difference. For example, directly compare the heights of two children and describe one child as taller/shorter.

Classify objects and count the number of objects in each category.

KMD3

Classify objects into given categories; count the numbers of objects in each category and sort the categories by count. (Limit category counts to be less than or equal to 10.)

Geometry

Identify and describe shapes (squares, circles, triangles, rectangles, hexagons, cubes, cones, cylinders, and spheres).

KG1

Describe objects in the environment using names of shapes, and describe the relative positions of these objects using terms such as above, below, beside, in front of, behind, and next to.

KG2

Correctly name shapes regardless of their orientations or overall size.

KG3

Identify shapes as two-dimensional (lying in a plane, “flat”) or three-dimensional (“solid”).

Analyze, compare, create, and compose shapes.

KG4

Analyze and compare two-and three-dimensional shapes, in different sizes and orientations, using informal language to describe their similarities, differences, parts (e.g., number of sides and vertices/”corners”) and other attributes (e.g., having sides of equal length).

KG5

Model shapes in the world by building shapes from components (e.g., sticks and clay balls) and drawing shapes.

KG6

C Compose simple shapes to form larger shapes. For example, “Can you join these two tritriangles with full sides touching to make a rectangle?”

Standards for Mathematical Practice

SMP1

Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.

SMP2

Reason abstractly and quantitatively.

SMP3

Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.

SMP4

Model with mathematics.

SMP5

Use appropriate tools strategically.

SMP6

Attend to precision.

SMP7

Look for and make use of structure.

SMP8

Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning.

 

 

SCIENCE

 Scientific Inquiry

Standard K-1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of scientific inquiry, including the processes, skills, and mathematical thinking necessary to conduct a simple scientific investigation.

K-1.1 Identify observed objects or events by using the senses.

K-1.2 Use tools (including magnifiers and eyedroppers) safely, accurately, and appropriately when gathering specific data.

K-1.3 Predict and explain information or events based on observation or previous experience.

K-1.4 Compare objects by using nonstandard units of measurement.

K-1.5 Use appropriate safety procedures when conducting investigations.

Characteristics of Organisms (Life Science)

Standard K-2: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the characteristics of organisms.

K-2.1 Recognize what organisms need to stay alive (including air, water, food, and shelter).

K-2.2 Identify examples of organisms and nonliving things.

K-2.3 Match parents with their offspring to show that plants and animals closely resemble their parents.

K-2.4 Compare individual examples of a particular type of plant or animal to determine that there are differences among individuals.

K-2.5 Recognize that all organisms go through stages of growth & change called life cycles.

My Body (Life Science)

Standard K-3: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the distinct structures of human body and the different functions they serve.

K-3.1 Identify the distinct structures in the human body that are for walking, holding,
touching, seeing, smelling, hearing, talking, and tasting.

K-3.2 Identify the functions of sensory organs (including eyes, nose, ears, tongue, skin).

Seasonal Changes (Earth Science)

Standard K-4: The student will demonstrate an understanding of seasonal weather changes.

K-4.1 Identify weather changes that occur from day to day.

K-4.2 Compare the weather patterns that occur from season to season.

K-4.3 Summarize ways that the seasons affect plants and animals.

Exploring Matter (Physical Science)

Standard K-5: The student will demonstrate the understanding that objects can be described by their observable properties.

K-5.1 Classify objects by observable properties (including size, color, shape, magnetic
attraction, heaviness, texture, and the ability to float in water).

K-5.2 Compare the properties of different types of materials (including wood, plastic, metal, cloth, and paper) from which objects are made.

SOCIAL STUDIES - Children as Citizens: An Introduction to Social Studies

H= history G= geography P = political science/government E = economics

Standard K-1: The student will demonstrate an understanding of the way families live and

work together now and the way they lived and worked together in the past.
K-1.1 Compare the daily lives of children and their families in the United States in the
past with the daily lives of children and their families today. (H, E)

K-1.2 Explain how changes in modes of communication and transportation have changed the way that families live and work, including e-mail and the telephone as opposed to letters and messengers for communication and the automobile as opposed to the horse for transportation. (H, G)

Standard K-2: The student will demonstrate an understanding of rules and authority in a

child’s life.

K-2.1 Explain the purposes of rules and laws and the consequences of breaking them,
including the sometimes unspoken rules of sportsmanship and fair play. (P)

K-2.2 Summarize the roles of people in authority in a child’s life, including those of parents and teachers. (P)

K-2.3 Identify people in the community and school who enforce the rules that keep people safe, including crossing guards, firefighters, and police officers. (P)

Standard K-3: The student will demonstrate an understanding of key American figures and symbols.

K-3.1 Recognize the significance of things that exemplify the values and principles of American democracy, including the Pledge of Allegiance, songs such as "The Star-Spangled Banner" (our national anthem) and "America the Beautiful," and the American flag. (H, P)

K-3.2 Illustrate the significant actions of important American figures, including George Washington, Abraham Lincoln, and Martin Luther King Jr. (H, P)

K-3.3 Identify the reasons for celebrating the national holidays, including Independence Day, Thanksgiving, President’s Day, and Martin Luther King Jr. Day. (H, P)

Standard K-4: The student will demonstrate an understanding of good citizenship.

K-4.1 Identify qualities of good citizenship, including honesty, courage, determination, individual responsibility, and patriotism. (P)

K-4.2 Demonstrate good citizenship in classroom behaviors, including taking personal responsibility, cooperating and respecting others, taking turns and sharing, and working with others to solve problems. (P)

Standard K-5: The student will demonstrate an understanding of his or her surroundings.

K-5.1 Identify the location of school, home, neighborhood, community, city/town, and state on a map. (G)

K-5.2 Provide examples of personal connections to places, including immediate surroundings, home, school, and neighborhood. (G)

K-5.3 Construct a simple map. (G)

K-5.4 Recognize natural features of the environment, including mountains and bodies of water, through pictures, literature, and models. (G)

Standard K-6: The student will demonstrate an understanding of different businesses in the community and the idea of work.

K-6.1 Classify several community businesses according to goods and services they
provide. (E)

K-6.2 Summarize methods of obtaining goods and services. (E)

K-6.3 Match descriptions of work to the names of jobs in the school and local community, in the past and present, including jobs related to safety. (E, H)


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