This page will be updated as new material is introduced
November 9-24
Factoring: We are not doing factor trees, but we are identifying all of the factor pairs of different products, then listing the individual factors in order. We will then use these lists to identify
common factors of different numbers. This will lead into finding common denominators in fractions
Not to mention just basic working with numbers and how they fit together. SO IMPORTANT!
example: factoring
24: 1x24
24: 1,2,3,4,6,8,12,24
2x12
3x8
4x6
factoring 32: 1x32 32: 1,2,4,8,16,32
2x16
4x8
COMMON FACTORS OF 24 AND 32 ARE: 1,2,4,8
It will be vitally important to memorize the units on. PAGES 87 AND 99 IN THE TEXT!
KNOW WHAT IS SMALLEST, SMALLER, UP TO A METER THEN FROM A METER TO A KILOMETER.
mm...cm...dm...M...DAM...HM...KM
1000 mm = 1 M 10 M = 1 dam (decameter)
100 cm = 1 M 100 M = 1 hm (hectometer)
10 dm = 1 M 1000 M = 1 km (kilometer)
We will observe the pattern of multiplying and dividing by tens.
fractions:
A common denominator means that 2 fractions share the same denominator.
In order to add or subtract fractions, the denomnators MUST be the same.
We will also be learning the CONCEPT of mixed numbers.
A mixed number is a whole number with some left over. We will see mixed numbers in our quotients with remainders :)
We will also measure with rulers to see whole inches and a "little bit more"
We will be reviewing division with 2 digit divisors and 3 digit multiplication.
Review:
Computation: (adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing)
Terminology
Measurement: It is important to memorize the standard units of measure the students have been given as these are not drilled daily in class. Also review the rules for conversion. These have been written on a 3x5 card
12 inches = 1 foot 3 feet = 1 yard 36 inches = 1 yard 5,280 feet = 1 mile 1,760 yards = 1 mile
16 ounces = 1 pound (lb) 2,000 lbs. = 1 Ton (T)
8 ounces = 1 cup (c) 16 ounces = 1 pint (pt) 2 pts = 1 quart (qt) 4 qts = 1 gallon (G)
Conversion:
larger to smaller you multiply
smaller to larger you divide
Review the basic facts for all the operations.
Review the terminology (see bottom of page)
Review multiplying with 3 digit factors (365 x 289)
Review basic fraction terms and concepts (numerator, denominator, fraction is part of a whole and
means "divide")
Dividing with a 2 digit divisor (page 69)
The student will follow the step by step process taught on page 69.
Rounding to estimate quotients ( page 73)
The student will be taught the rules for rounding then will follow the rules for estimating quotients
(page 73).
When dividing with a 2 digit divisor, it is sometimes just trial and error!! There will be times when you will need to
adjust the quotient up or down one. Follow these steps:
1. Find the answer place
2. Find a basic fact using the front digits of both the divisor and the dividend
3. Follow the steps of division
4. If you cannot subtract, you need to adjust the quotient down one.
5. If your difference is larger than your divisor, you need to adjust the quotient up one and try again.
Terms to know:
addends numbers being added together
sum the solution (answer) to an addition problem
minuend the top number in a subtraction equation
subtrahend the number being subtracted
difference the solution to a subtraction equation
factors numbers being multiplied together
product the solution to a multiplication equation
dividend the "total" amount being divided in a division equation
divisor the number dividing the dividend
quotient the solution to a division equation
FRACTIONS
fraction: part of a whole object or unit
numerator: the top number in a fraction expressing the number of parts being worked with
denominator: the bottom digit in a fractional number expressing the number of parts the object or unit has been
divided into.
equivalent: two fractions expressed with different digits, but expressing the same amount.
Know how to determine: 1/2 of 20 = 10 or 1/5 of 20 = 4
This follows the simple division rule---- divide the total (20) by the denominator and multiply that quotient by
the numerator. That will give us the fraction or (part of a set) being asked for.
Here are a few more: 1/3 of 18 1/4 of 28 1/5 of 15
Concepts to focus on and understand: (these are practiced in homework and most classwork)
Find a "missing addend" with subtraction
Find a "missing" factor with division
Place value gives "worth" to a digit based on where the digit is in the place value chart.
Read , compare and round large numbers using this concept. ALWAYS read large numbers to the comma names.
MULTIPLICATION remember that multiplication is "
repeated addition"
multiplication facts and division facts are all the same "fact families"
Any factor ending in a zero produces a product with a zero in the ones place when multiplied.
When multiplying factors that both have 2 or more places, create a "partial product" for each place being multiplied. Then add the "partial products" together to get the final product of the equation.
To check multiplication simply work the problem again by reversing the ORDER of the factors.
This is called the order prindiple of multiplication.
DIVISION remember that division is repeated subtraction until you get to zero. In division you are dividing a whole set into equal groups. Fractions are division.
Always follow the 5 steps of division until the quotient has a digit in the ones place.
If you can perform the 5th step called "bring down", you must go through all the steps again with the new dividend created when you brought down a number until the ones place of the dividend has been used. If your division problem has a remainder, the remainder becomes the numerator of the fraction amount left over when dividing into sets. the divisor is the denominator.
Check your division problem by multiplying the quotient by the divisor and adding the remainder.
The answer should yield the original dividend.
When dividing with a 2 digit divisor, round the divisor to the nearest ten and find a basic math fact using the 2 largest places of the dividend. Use that fact to begin your quotient. Then follow the steps of long division.
Problem solving
1. Identify the question: Always read the problem carefully, then identify exactly what is being asked.
2. Identify the necessary information: Make a chart, draw a picture, create an equation, etc. that identifies exactly what information you will need to answer the question.
3. Develop a plan: Fill in the information until an equation is obtained.
4. Solve all equations necessary
5. ANSWER THE QUESTION then determine if the answer is a reasonable response.