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Chemistry Course Description
Chemistry is a course that explores the properties of substances and
the changes that substances undergo. The student will investigate
the following:
· Atomic Structure
· Matter and Energy
· Interactions of Matter
· Properties of Solutions and Acids and Bases
Atomic Structure
Standard Number: 1.0 Atomic Structure
Standard: The student will investigate atomic structure and its
implications for physical and chemical properties.
1.1 compare and contrast various models of the atom as they have
emerged historically, from the Greeks to the modern electron-cloud
model.
1.2 investigate the basic organization of the modern periodic table,
including atomic number and atomic properties.
1.3 describe models of the atom in terms of orbital, electron
configuration, orbital notation, quantum numbers and electron-dot
structures.
1.4 investigate the composition of the nucleus so as to explain
isotopes and nuclear reactions.
1.5 relate the spectral lines of an atom’s emission spectrum to the
transition of electrons between different energy levels within an
atom.
Performance Indicators State:
· categorize an element as a metal, metalloid, nonmetal or
noble gas based on its position in the periodic table.
· identify an element’s atomic number and name or symbol,
given the number of protons or electrons in a neutral atom using a
periodic table.
· identify protons, neutrons and electrons with regard to
their relative mass, relative charge and/or location in an atom.
· identify the major characteristics of various models of the
atom: Democritus, Thomson, Rutherford, Bohr, and the modern quantum
mechanical model.
· determine the number of protons, neutrons and/or electrons
in an atom or ion, given the symbol of the atom or ion and a
periodic table.
· compare s and p orbitals in an energy level in terms of
general shape, energy and/or numbers of electrons possible.
· determine the Lewis electron-dot structure or number of
valence electrons for an atom of any main group element (1, 2, 13-
18), given its atomic number or its position in the periodic table.
· describe the trends present in the periodic table with
respect to atomic size, ionization energy, electron affinity or
electronegativity.
Matter and Energy
Standard Number: 2.0 Matter and Energy
Standard: The student will investigate the characteristics of matter
and the interaction of matter and energy.
2.1 The student will investigate the characteristics of matter.
2.2 The student will explore the interactions of matter and energy.
Performance Indicators State:
· identify a pure substance as element or compound, when given
its chemical name or formula.
· distinguish among elements, compounds, solutions, colloids,
and suspensions, given examples.
· classify changes in matter as physical or chemical, given
examples or scenarios.
· classify properties of matter as physical or chemical when
given examples or scenarios.
· distinguish between heat content and temperature when given
a unit, a definition and/or an example.
· distinguish among gases, liquids and solids in terms of
particle spacing and relative movement, given a diagram or scenario.
· predict the effect of changing one gas variable (volume,
temperature or pressure) on one of the others, given a scenario.
· demonstrate an understanding of the law of conservation of
matter, given experimental data.
· categorize a process as endothermic or exothermic, given an
example or scenario.
· demonstrate an understanding of the law of conservation of
energy by equating heat loss and heat gain in an interaction, given
the formulas -q=q and q=mcD t, and the specific heat.
Interactions of Matter
Standard Number: 3.0 Interactions of Matter
Standard: The student will examine the interactions of matter.
3.1 investigate chemical bonding.
3.2 analyze chemical reactions.
3.3 explore the mathematics of chemical formulas and equations.
Performance Indicators State:
· distinguish between a chemical symbol and a chemical
formula, given examples.
· identify the parts (reactants or products) of a chemical
reaction, given a balanced chemical equation.
· identify the types of chemical reactions (composition,
decomposition, double replacement, single replacement), given a
balanced equation.
· determine the number of atoms, formula units or molecules of
a particular substance, given a balanced equation.
· distinguish between ionic and covalent compounds, given
binary formulas.
· identify the formula for a compound using a periodic table
and a list of common ions, given the name of the compound
· identify the name of compounds and common acids (sulfuric
acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, and phosphoric
acid), using a periodic table and a list of common ions.
· select a correctly balanced chemical equation, when given
examples.
· recognize a balanced chemical equation using appropriate
symbols, given a word equation.
· convert between any two of the following quantities of a
substance: mass, number of moles, number of particles, molar volume
(at STP)
· determine molar ratios expressed in balanced chemical
equations.
· analyze percent composition of the elements in a compound,
given the formula.
· solve mass to mass stoichiometry problems
· identify and solve different types of stoichiometry problems
(volume (at STP) to mass, moles to mass, etc...)
Solutions and Acids/Bases
Standard Number: 4.0 Solutions and Acids/Bases
Standard: The student will investigate the characteristics of
solutions including solutions of acids and bases.
Learning Expectations:
The student will:
4.1 The student will investigate the characteristics of solutions.
4.2 The student will investigate the characteristics of acids and
bases.
Performance Indicators State:
· classify substances as acid or base, given the formula of an
inorganic acid or base.
· identify the solute and solvent in a solid, liquid or
gaseous solution, given its composition.
· classify a solution as saturated, unsaturated or
supersaturated, given the composition of the solution and a
solubility graph.
· calculate the concentration of a solution in terms of
molarity or mass percent, given mass of solute and mass or volume of
solution.
· classify a substance as an acid or a base, given at least
two of the following properties: color of litmus, color of
phenolphthalein, taste, pH and slippery or non-slippery.
· predict the products of a neutralization reaction involving
inorganic acids and bases, given the reactants. |
