Daily Science and Vocabulary

  ~~~DAILY SCIENCE~~~

Day 1:  What is science?
Day 2:  Diagram the scientific method.
Day 3:  What was the most important scientific discover or invention? Explain 
your answer.
Day 4:  For a cell phone, list 3 intended benefits and 3 unintended 
consequences.
Day 5:  Yolanda breaks her arm and must wear a cast for 6 weeks.  Is the cast 
assistive or adaptive bioengineering or both?  Explain.
Day 6:  Thomas Huxley wrote: "Science is nothing but trained and organized 
common sense."  Relate this quote to the scientific method.
Day 7:  Explain the difference between classification and taxonomy.
Day 8:  Name the 6 kingdoms and give 2 characteristics of each.
Day 9:  Use dichotomous key to ID 5 animal tracks.
Day 10: If mermaids really existed, would they be classified as mammals or as 
fish?  Why?
Day 11: Construct a cladogram using data provided.
Day 12: A cereal box has a mass of 300g.  Its dimensions are 20cm x 30cm x
5cm.  What is the box's volume?  Its density?
Day 13: List at least 5 ways an animal can avoid becoming prey to a predator?
Day 14: Explain the difference between fragmentation and regeneration.
Day 15: Are humans predators or prey?  Explain your answer.
Day 16: What adaptations would organisms living in your refrigerator need to 
thrive and to reproduce?
Day 17: The cockroach originated over 250 MYA and still thrives worldwide. A 
giant 2 meter tall deer appeared <1 MYA and became extinct ~11,000 YA.  Why 
did one survive while the other perished?
Day 18: A predator repeatedly avoids prey that is red in colour.  Explain why 
the predator would exhibit this behaviour.
Day 19: Is it a fossil?  (ID 12 items)
Day 20: "The present is the key to the past."  How can studying the present
reveal the story of Earth's history?
Day 21: Describe the fossil record of your own life that might be found 65
million years from now. [List at least 5 items that might be found. List at
least 5 items that would decay and disappear.]
Day 22:
Day 23:
Day 24: Why is the sky blue?
Day 25: If you were asked to describe an orange to someone who had never seen 
or tasted an orange, what would you tell that person?



  ~~~VOCABULARY~~~


ENGINEERING: process of creating technology

HYPOTHESIS: an explanation for an observation, phenomenon, or scientific 
problem that can be tested

SCIENTIFIC METHOD: orderly technique for scientific thought - observation of 
nature, formulate question, formulate hypothesis, experiment/research/observe 
(test), analyze, conclude/communicate

TECHNOLOGY: use of scientific knowledge to solve practical problems and 
needs, especially in industry and commerce

LAW:  statement of fact meant to describe an action or set of actions, 
generally accepted as universal and true, and can sometimes be expressed in 
terms of a single mathematical equation.

MODEL:  pattern, plan, representation, or description designed to show the 
structure or workings of an object, system, or concept

THEORY:  explanation of a set of related observations or phenomena based upon 
porven hypotheses and verified multiple times by detached groups of 
researchers

BIOENGINEERING: application of engineering to living things, such as humans 
and plants

ADAPTIVE BIOENGINEERING:  engineering that results in a product/process that 
changes living organisms

ASSISTIVE BIOENGINEERING:  engineering that results in a product/process that 
helps living organisms without permanently changing them

COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS:  process of determining whether the cost of doing 
something is worth the benefit provided

CLASSIFICATION:  systematic grouping of organisms into categories based on 
similar evolutionary or structural characteristics/relationships

DICHOTOMOUS KEY:  a key for identification of organisms based on a series of 
paired choices

EUKARYA:  domain made up of all organisms with a membrane-bound nucleus and 
organelles; includes kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia

ARCHAEA:  domain made up of prokaryotes, most of which live in extreme 
conditions  (also known as Kingdom Archaeabacteria)

PROTISTA:  kingdom of mostly one-celled eukaryotes ("garbage-can kingdom")

FUNGI:  kingdom of eukaryotic, heterotrophic organisms without movement, 
reproduce generally by spores, getting food from dead/decaying organic matter

PLANTAE:  kingdom whose members are complex, multi-cellular heterotrophic 
eukaryotes, lacking a cell wall, can move about at some point in life cycle, 
and can respond quickly to environmental changes

ANIMALIA:  kingdom composed of eukaryotic, autotrophic, complex, multi-
cellular organisms containing chlorophyll, with cells walls of cellulose, 
cannot move about, and are photosynthetic

SPECIES:  group of similar organisms whose members can mate with one another 
and produce viable, fertile offspring

ADAPTATION:  characteristic that improves an organism's ability to survive 
and reproduce in a particular environment

ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION:  reproduction in which a single parent produces 
offspring genetically identical to itself

NATURAL SELECTION:  process by which individuals that are better adapted to 
their environment survive and reproduce more successfully than less well-
adapted members

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION:  reproduction that results in genetically unique 
offspring, receiving half its genetic material from each of 2 parent organisms

TRAIT:  a genetically determined characteristic or condition

FOSSIL: trace or remains of ancient organism, commonly preserved in 
sedimentary rock

INDEX FOSSIL:  fossil used to establish rock layer's age because that fossil 
is distinct, abundant, and widespread, and the species that formed it existed 
only for a short span of geologic time

PALEONTOLOGY:  study of ancient life forms, especially as seen in fossils

BIODIVERSITY:  number and variety of organisms in a given area during 
specific time period

NONRENEWABLE RESOURCE:  natural resource which cannot replenish itself in 
less than 100 years

POLLUTION:  introduction of harmful substances or products into the 
environment

RECYCLING:  conservation method in which substances are reused in forms 
different from the original

RENEWABLE RESOURCE:  natural resource that is able to replenish itself within 
100 years; natural resource that replenishes itself about as quickly as it is 
used

ATOM:  smallest unit of an element that maintains its chemical properties

CHANGE OF STATE:  change of a substance from one physical state to another

CHEMICAL CHANGE:  change in matter that produces a new substance with new 
chemical properties

CHEMICAL PROPERTY: property of matter that describes a substance's ability to 
participate in chemical reactions, depending upon the arrangement of atoms

CONDENSATION:  change of state of matter from a gas to a liquid, either by 
coolring or by being subjected to increased pressure

EVAPORATION:  change of a liquid into a vapour at any temperature below its 
boiling point

GAS:  state of matter with no definite shape nor volume

LIQUID:  state of matter with a definite volume but no definite shape

MASS:  measure of the number of atoms in an object per unit of volume; 
property of matter that measures its resistance to acceleration (change in 
motion)

MATTER:  anything that has mass and volume

PHYSICAL CHANGE:  change that alters the form or appearance of a material but 
does not make it into a different substance chemically

PHYSICAL PROPERTY:  characteristic of a substance that does not involve a 
chemical change

SOLID:  state of matter in which the volume and shape are fixed

STATES OF MATTER:  the physical forms of matter which include solid, liquid, 
and gas (also: [PLASMA:  super-heated atoms consisting of free electrons and 
ions of the element] and [BOSE-EINSTEIN CONDENSATES: atoms only a few 
billionths of a degree above absolute zero where nearly all molecular motion 
ceases])

WEIGHT:  measure of the gravitational force exerted on an object



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