Ms. Patton's First Grade Class
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First Grade Glossary of Terms
<div><span style="font-size: 24pt;">Here are some educational terms you might hear, and their definitions, to help make things a bit clearer!<br /> </span></div> <div> </div> <span style="color: red;">Base ten blocks</span>- blocks used in mathematics for place value (units are for ones, and rods are for tens)<br /> <span style="color: red;">Climax</span>- the highest point of interest and the turning point of the story. The reader wonders what will happen next; will the conflict be resolved or not?<br /> <span style="color: red;">DRA</span>- (Developmental Reading Assessment) an assessment teachers give to identify the student’s instructional reading level<br /> <span style="color: red;">Fact family</span>- related addition and subtraction sentences (such as 2 + 1 = 3, 1 + 2 = 3, 3 – 1 = 2, 3 – 2 = 1)<br /> <span style="color: red;">Falling action</span>- the events and complications of the story begin to resolve themselves. The reader knows what has happened next and if the conflict was resolved or not (events between climax and final outcome).<br /> <span style="color: red;">Frustrational level</span>- books which are too difficult for the student to read and for learning to occur<br /> <span style="color: red;">Genre</span>- category of literary composition characterized by a particular style, form, or content<br /> <span style="color: red;">Independent level</span>- books which are easy; good texts for practice and for building fluency<br /> <span style="color: red;">Inferring</span>- arriving at a conclusion about a text by reasoning from evidence and clues from that text<br /> <span style="color: red;">Instructional level</span>- books are not too difficult or too easy, but “just right” – teaching and learning can be done in these books<br /> <span style="color: red;">Manipulatives</span>- items used to make abstract ideas more concrete and hands-on<br /> <span style="color: red;">Math facts</span>- addition problems such as 1 + 1 = 2 and 2 + 3 = 5 (+0, +1. +2, and doubles should be memorized by the end of first grade)<br /> <span style="color: red;">Mental images</span>- making a “movie in your mind” based on what is being read<br /> <span style="color: red;">Nonstandard units</span>- units of measurement such as paper clips, bear counters, crayons, anything uniform in size; standard units are inches, feet, centimeters, etc., and not used in first grade<br /> <span style="color: red;">Problem or conflict</span>- in a story, it is the opposition of forces, which ties one incident to another and makes the plot move.<br /> <span style="color: red;">Q & A writing</span>- (Question and Answer) this is an early form of essay writing in which a question is posed and students choose their answer using details to support their thinking<br /> <span style="color: red;">Reading strategies</span>- what readers use to make what they are reading make sense (look at the picture, say the first sound, look for parts you know, does that make sense, skip it and go back, etc.)<br /> <span style="color: red;">Retelling</span> – telling the story from memory after reading a text – hitting the “high points” not every detail<br /> <span style="color: red;">Resolution</span> - the way the problem in the story is solved<br /> <span style="color: red;">Rising action</span>- where the events in the story become complicated and the conflict in the story is revealed (events between setting the stage and climax).<br /> <span style="color: red;">Rubric</span> – a set of guidelines teachers use to assign a grade to a student’s piece of work. Rubrics are shared with students before the graded assignment has begun<br /> <span style="color: red;">Running record</span>- while a student is reading, the teacher makes notations to record her observations of the student’s reading practices, errors, and self-corrections<br /> <span style="color: red;">Schema</span>- background knowledge; everything you already know about a subject<br /> <span style="color: red;">Setting the stage</span>- the beginning of the story, where the characters and the setting are revealed; the introduction.<br /> <span style="color: red;">Sight words</span>- high frequency words found in many books <br /> <span style="color: red;">Skip count</span>- counting by skipping numbers; in first grade we skip count by 2s, 5s, and 10s<br /> <span style="color: red;">Story from My Life</span> - a narrative composed from personal experience – can be called a memoir or a personal narrative<br /> <span style="color: red;">Text to self connections</span>- connections the reader makes with the book to himself<br /> <span style="color: red;">Text to text connections</span>- connections the reader makes with the book to other books previously read<br /> <span style="color: red;">Theme</span>- the author's underlying meaning or main idea that he is trying to convey<br /> <span style="color: red;">Topic writing</span>- descriptive writing about one topic<br /> <span style="color: red;">Word family</span>- these are groups of words that have the same ending spelling and generally rhyme (the _an family: can, man, fan, tan, etc.)<br /> <br /> <br />
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