HOW
TO WRITE A LAB REPORT
1.
Title Write
a statement that relates the independent and the dependent variables that were
investigated. The title should be The
Effect of IV on the DV.
2.
Introduction This
is a review of the literature on the topic being studied. It may be a paragraph
of several pages depending upon the requirements for the specific assignment.
3. Experimental Design Begin
the experimental process.
-Begin
the diagram by drawing a rectangle.
-Write
the independent variable (IV) across the top of the rectangle.
-Divide the rectangle
into labeled columns to represent the different levels of the independent
variable.
-Indicate
the number of trials in each column.
-Write
the dependent variable (DV) and constants (C) beneath the rectangle.
4.
Procedure List
the exact steps followed to complete the investigation. Check the list
carefully for accuracy, completeness, and precision.
5. Results Complete
a data table and an appropriate graph for the data using the
following guidelines:
Data Table -Make a table containing vertical
columns for the independent variable, dependent variable, and derived quantity.
-Subdivide
the column for the dependent variable to reflect the number of
trials.
-Order
the values of the independent variable--preferably from the smallest
to the largest.
-Record
the values of the dependent variable.
-Compute
the derived quantity.
Graph -Draw and label the X
(ordinate) and Y (abscissa) axes of the graph. The independent
variable is plotted on the X-axis and the dependent variable is plotted on the
Y-axis.
-Determine
the appropriate scale for the two axes.
-Plot
the data pairs on the graph.
-Summarize
the data trends on the graph.
6.
Discussion The
discussion is the essence of the report. The results and conclusion should flow
smoothly and logically from the data. Be thorough. Allow the readers to see the
train of thought, letting them know exactly what was done. Compare the results obtained with
theoretical values, published data, commonly held beliefs, and/or expected
results. Include a discussion of possible errors. How did the data vary between
repeated observations of similar events? What would you do differently if you
repeated this project? What other experiments should be conducted?
7.
Conclusion Briefly
summarize the results. Be specific; do not generalize. Never introduce anything
in the conclusion that has not already been discussed. This should include a
statement that addresses how the results relate to the purpose of the
experiment. Reasons for experimental results that are contrary to the
hypothesis are included.