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BELLWORK #1 Tuesday, September 2, 2008
FACT:
By understanding how natural forces shape our environment, Earth scientists
can better predict potential disasters and help save lives and property.
QUESTION:
Which scientist is most likely to chase tornadoes?
- an astronomer - a geologist
- a meteorologist - a paleontologist
BELLWORK #2 Wednesday, September 4, 2008
FACT:
“Many early scientists were Greek philosophers, which, as defined by the
ancient Greeks, meant people who search for knowledge for its own sake.”
– Janice VanCleave, Scientists Through the Ages, 2004, p. 5
QUESTION:
The process in which experts in a given field examine the results and
conclusion of a scientist’s study before that study is submitted for
publication is called:
- Analysis - Peer Review
- Formulating a theory - Observation
BELLWORK #3 Thursday, September 4, 2008
FACT:
People who study erupting volcanoes, the bottom of the ocean, hurricanes and
tornadoes, raging rivers, the solar system and universe are all considered
geoscientists. The geosciences include all branches of Earth science:
Astronomy, Meteorology, Geology, and Hydrology. –
www3.nsta.org/main/news/pdf/ss0110_38.pdf
QUESTION:
A possible explanation for a scientific problem is called a(n):
- Experiment - Observation
- Theory - Hypothesis
BELLWORK #4 September 8, 2008
FACT: The specific pressures and temperatures of the interior (of Earth)
determine whether it’s layers are solid or liquid. Higher temperatures tend
to cause solids to melt and become liquid, but higher pressures may counter
this effect and compress liquids into solids. – Holt Earth Science
QUESTION:
The diameter of Earth is greatest at the
- poles - oceans
- equator - continents
BELLWORK #5 Tuesday, September 9, 2008
FACT: “The Earth system is almost a closed system because matter exchange
is limited. Energy enters the system in the form of sunlight and is
released into space as heat. Only a small amount of dust and rock from
space enters the system, and only a fraction of the hydrogen atoms in the
atmosphere escape into space.” - Holt Earth Science
QUESTION:
Closed systems exchange energy but do not exchange
- gravity - sunlight
- matter - heat
BELLWORK #6 Monday, September 15, 2008
FACT: “The areas on Earth’s surface just above where the poles of the
imaginary magnet would be are called the geomagnetic poles. The geomagnetic
poles and the geographic poles are located in different places.”
- Holt Earth Science, p. 55
QUESTION:
How could you tell whether a topographic map shows a gradual slope?
- Look for V-shaped contour lines
- Look for widely spaced contour lines
- Look for short, straight lines inside the loop
- Look for tightly space, circular, contour lines
BELLWORK #7 Tuesday, September 16, 2008
FACT: “The Earth system is composed of four “spheres” that are storehouses
of all the planet’s matter.” These four “spheres” include the atmosphere,
hydrosphere, geosphere, and biosphere.
QUESTION: (Chapter 2)
Phosphorus cycles through all spheres except the
- Geosphere - biosphere
- Atmosphere - hydrosphere
BELLWORK #8 Monday, September 22, 2008
FACT: Today is the autumnal equinox.
“The autumnal equinox occurs on September 22 or 23 of each year and marks
the beginning of fall in the Northern Hemisphere.” It is a moment when
the sun appears to cross the celestial equator and the sun’s rays strike
Earth at a 90°angle along the equator. “The hours of daylight and darkness
are approximately equal everywhere on Earth on that day.” – Holt Earth
Science
QUESTION:
Fact or Fiction:
Why is the egg on the transparency cart balancing?
Is it because of the autumnal equinox with day and night hours balanced?
Explain your answer.
BELLWORK #9 Tuesday, September 23, 2008
FACT: “According to the first law of thermodynamics, energy is transferred
between systems, but it cannot be created or destroyed.”
“The transfers of energy between Earth’s spheres can be thought of as parts
of an energy budget, in which additions in energy are balanced by
subtractions.”
- Holt Earth Science
QUESTION:
Which of the following is NOT an important energy source for Earth systems?
- Sun - gravity
- (CORRECT ANSWER)Nitrogen - convection
BELLWORK #10 Thursday, September 25, 2008
FACT: “Like all scientific theories, theories about the origin and
evolution of the universe must constantly be tested against new observations
and experiments. Many current theories of the universe began with
observations made less than 100 years ago.” – Holt Earth Science, p. 793
QUESTION:
The heaviest element formed in the core of a star is
- Iron - carbon
- Helium - nitrogen
BELLWORK #11 Monday, September 29, 2008
FACT: “Visible light is a form of energy that is part of the
electromagnetic spectrum. The electromagnetic spectrum is all of the
wavelengths of electromagnetic radiation.” - Holt Earth Science, p. 661
QUESTION:
A telescope is an instrument that collects ________________________ from the
sky and concentrates it for better observation.
- Astronomical units - electromagnetic radiation
- Stars - light years
BELLWORK #12 Tuesday, September 30, 2008
FACT: “In astronomy, the hypothetical violent explosion that created the
universe, between 12 billion and 14 billion years ago…” is called the “Big
Bang”. “The Big Bang Theory states that all the matter and energy of the
universe was once an unimaginably dense mass and that the universe has been
expanding from the explosion of this mass ever since.”
– Chambers Science Factfinder, 2006, p. 15
QUESTION:
Cosmic background radiation
- Is very hot - is blue-green
- Comes from supernovas - comes equally from all directions
BELLWORK #13 Thursday, October 2, 2008
FACT: Approximately “…23% of the universe is made up of a type of matter
that does not give off light but that has gravity we can detect. Because
this type of matter does not give off light, it is called dark matter.”
- Holt Earth Science, p. 796
QUESTION:
What type of matter in the universe does not give off light but has gravity
we can detect?
-heavy matter - cosmic matter
- caloric matter - dark matter
BELLWORK #14 Friday, October 3, 2008
FACT: By using spectra of distant galaxies, astronomer Edwin Hubble “…found
that the most distant galaxies showed the greatest red shift and thus were
moving away from Earth the fastest.”
- Holt Earth Science, p. 793
QUESTION:
Galaxies and stars moving away from Earth has a spectrum that is shifted
slightly toward
- yellow - blue
- red - white
BELLWORK #15 Monday, October 6, 2008
FACT: “Our galaxy is so wide that, at the speed of light, it would take you
100,000 years to cross it.” -Glenn Vecchione. Science Facts. 2004
QUESTION:
Analyzing the ripples in cosmic background radiation tells us that the kinds
of matter that humans, the planets, the stars, and matter between stars are
made of
-Only 73% of the universe - only 4% of the universe
-Only 23% of the universe - only 32% of the universe
BELLWORK #16 Tuesday, October 7, 2008
FACT: A light year is the distance light travels in one year.
This distance is the same as:
5,870,000,000,000 miles OR
5.87 x 1012 miles OR
9.45 trillion kilometers OR
9.45 x 1012 km
QUESTION:
Many current theories of the universe began with observations made
- more than 300 years ago - less than 100 years ago
- more than 100 years ago - less than 10 years ago
BELLWORK #17 Wednesday, October 8, 2008
FACT: “The distance of even the nearest star far exceeds our eye’s ability
to resolve it into a distant object. So when we look at a star, we’re
actually seeing a snowflake pattern of light created by our eyes.”
- Glenn Vecchione, Science Facts, 2004.
QUESTION:
- About how many stars are visible from Earth without a telescope?
- - 6,000 - 100,000
- - many billions - a million
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